SynthesisContraception2016
Safety of hormonal contraceptives among women with migraine: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Contraception, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between the reproductive health of young women and cardiovascular disease in later life: umbrella review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Pooled it
- Review
- U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2024.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2024Article
- Considerations for hormonal therapy in migraine patients: a critical review of current practice.Expert review of neurotherapeutics · 2023Review
- Hormonal therapies in females with blood disorders: thrombophilia, thrombosis, hemoglobinopathies, and anemias.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2023Review
- Role of Estrogens in Menstrual Migraine.Cells · 2022Review
- Migraine Aura: Updates in Pathophysiology and Management.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2020Review
- Medical Eligibility for Contraception in Women at Increased Risk.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2019Review
- Women and Migraine: the Role of Hormones.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2018Review
- Temporal relations in hormone-withdrawal migraines and impact on prevention- a diary-based pilot study in combined hormonal contraceptive users.The journal of headache and pain · 2017Observational
- Use of combined hormonal contraceptives among women with migraines and risk of ischemic stroke.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2017Article
- Removing medical barriers to contraception - evidence-based recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016.Contraception · 2016Article
- Updated Guidance for Safe and Effective Use of Contraception.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMigraine is common among women of reproductive age and is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are also associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. Use of hormonal contraception among women with migraine might further elevate the risk of stroke among women of reproductive age.
objectiveTo identify evidence regarding the risk of arterial thromboembolism (stroke or myocardial infarction) among women with migraine who use hormonal contraceptives.
methodsWe searched the PubMed database for all articles published from database inception through January 2016. We included studies that examined women with migraine overall or separated by subtype (with or without aura). Hormonal contraceptives of interest included combined hormonal methods (COCs, patch and ring) and progestin-only methods (progestin-only pills, injectables, implants and progestin intrauterine devices).
resultsSeven articles met inclusion criteria. All were case-control studies of fair to poor quality reporting on use of COCs or oral contraceptives (OCs) not further described and all reported stroke outcomes. Four studies demonstrated that, among women with migraine (not separated by subtype), COC use was associated with approximately two to four times the risk of stroke compared with nonuse. The only study to examine specific migraine subtypes found an elevated risk of stroke among women with migraine with aura, and this risk was similar regardless of OC use, although these odds ratios were not reported. Two studies did not report risks among women with migraine and COC use combined, but both found increased risks of stroke with migraine and COC use independently. No evidence was found on other hormonal contraceptives or on risk of myocardial infarction.
conclusionLimited evidence suggests a two- to fourfold increased risk of stroke among women with migraine who use COCs compared with nonuse. Additional study is needed on the risks of hormonal contraceptives, including combined and progestin-only methods, among women with different migraine subtypes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.