ArticleCell2016
Temporal Stability of the Human Skin Microbiome.
Article in Cell, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 556 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
556 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review on Effect of Bifidobacterium Isolated from Skin Microbiota on GLP-1 Production to Alleviate Human Ailments.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Pooled it
- [Advances in the Application of Forensic Microbiome Analysis in Tissue Source Inference].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025Pooled it
- Research status and development trends of probiotics in clinical applications.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Causal relationship between 150 skin microbiomes and prostate cancer: insights from bidirectional mendelian randomization and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Commensal Cutibacterium acnes-derived indolelactic acid safeguards skin barrier function through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Trial
- Resilience of the Skin Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis During Short-Term Topical Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- Effects of Mask Reuse on the Oropharyngeal, Skin, and Mask Microbiome.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Acne: epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, management and cutting-edge research.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Comparing the Performance of Double-Stranded and Single-Stranded DNA Libraries for Ancient Oral Microbiome Reconstruction.Molecular ecology resources · 2026Article
- Expansion of pathogens and restoration of human skin microbiome in CD4 T-cell lymphopenia.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026Article
- Undernutrition enhances host attractiveness to mosquitoes and transmission of mosquito-borne diseases.Cell research · 2026Article
- The Oral Microbiome of King Richard III of England.American journal of biological anthropology · 2026Article
- Article
- ABPs: diffusible antibacterial toxins secreted by and active against diverse gram-positive bacteria.Infection and immunity · 2026Review
- Temporal Dynamics of Latent Fingerprint Microbiomes: A First Step to Decoding Crime Evidence.Genes · 2026Article
- The Bacterial Landscape of Facial Skin: From Homeostasis to Skin Conditions.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Community heterogeneity scaling of gut microbiomes across Chinese ethnicities and lifestyles appears invariant.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Maternal and Infant Skin Microbiome Synchrony and Divergence: A Longitudinal Study of Skin Microbial Ecology and Early-Life Assembly.Experimental dermatology · 2026Article
- Engineering commensal microbes for host health.Cell host & microbe · 2026Review
- Management of Infected, Non-Responsive Atopic Dermatitis in a Romanian Center.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
496 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Biogeography and individuality shape the structural and functional composition of the human skin microbiome. To explore these factors' contribution to skin microbial community stability, we generated metagenomic sequence data from longitudinal samples collected over months and years. Analyzing these samples using a multi-kingdom, reference-based approach, we found that despite the skin's exposure to the external environment, its bacterial, fungal, and viral communities were largely stable over time. Site, individuality, and phylogeny were all determinants of stability. Foot sites exhibited the most variability; individuals differed in stability; and transience was a particular characteristic of eukaryotic viruses, which showed little site-specificity in colonization. Strain and single-nucleotide variant-level analysis showed that individuals maintain, rather than reacquire, prevalent microbes from the environment. Longitudinal stability of skin microbial communities generates hypotheses about colonization resistance and empowers clinical studies exploring alterations observed in disease states.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.