ArticlePloS one2016
High CD3+ Cells in Intracranial Thrombi Represent a Biomarker of Atherothrombotic Stroke.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation of imaging and histopathology of thrombi in acute ischemic stroke with etiology and outcome: a systematic review.Journal of neurointerventional surgery · 2017Pooled it
- Histopathological Analysis of Thrombi in Acute Ischemic Stroke: An Exploratory Study of Thrombus Composition and CD34-Positive Endothelial Cells.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Thrombi from stroke due to cardioembolic etiology have higher CD11b-positive cells compared to large artery atherosclerosis.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2026Article
- Quantitative histopathological analysis of thrombi retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy and their association with stroke aetiology.Stroke and vascular neurology · 2025Article
- Clot Composition and Ischemic Stroke Etiology: A Contemporary Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Thrombo-CARE-cardioembolic stroke etiology in cryptogenic stroke suggested by fibrin-/platelet-rich clot histology : Thrombo-CARE (configuration analysis to refine etiology).Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2025Article
- Platelet Analysis in the Thrombus Plus Serum BNP for Detecting Clot-Related Atrial Fibrillation. Results From the ITACAT Multicentric Registry.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Is Clot Composition Associated With Cause of Stroke? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Identification of potential biomarkers and drug of ischemic stroke in patients with COVID-19 through machine learning.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Differential expression of Semaphorin-7A /CD163-positive macrophages in large artery and cardiogenic stroke.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Gene expression profiles of ischemic stroke clots retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy are associated with disease etiology.Journal of neurointerventional surgery · 2023Article
- Association between thrombus composition and stroke etiology in the MR CLEAN Registry biobank.Neuroradiology · 2023Article
- Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Clot Analysis as a Marker of Cardioembolic Stroke Etiology.Translational stroke research · 2022Article
- Neutrophil Recruitment in Arterial Thrombus and Characteristics of Stroke Patients with Neutrophil-Rich Thrombus.Yonsei medical journal · 2022Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging quantitative T2* mapping to predict the red blood cell content of in vivo thrombi retrieved from patients with large vessel occlusions in acute ischemic stroke.Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences · 2022Article
- High Actin Expression in Thrombus of Acute Ischemic Stroke Can Be a Biomarker of Atherothrombotic Origin Stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Review
- The role of leukocytes in acute ischemic stroke-related thrombosis: a notable but neglected topic.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Clot Composition Analysis as a Diagnostic Tool to Gain Insight into Ischemic Stroke Etiology: A Systematic Review.Journal of stroke · 2021Review
- Inside the Thrombus: Association of Hemostatic Parameters With Outcomes in Large Vessel Stroke Patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and purposeApproximately 30% of strokes are cryptogenic despite an exhaustive in-hospital work-up. Analysis of clot composition following endovascular treatment could provide insight into stroke etiology. T-cells already have been shown to be a major component of vulnerable atherosclerotic carotid lesions. We therefore hypothesize that T-cell content in intracranial thrombi may also be a biomarker of atherothrombotic origin. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe histopathologically investigated 54 consecutive thrombi retrieved after mechanical thrombectomy in acute stroke patients. First, thrombi were classified as fibrin-dominant, erythrocyte-dominant or mixed pattern. We then performed quantitative analysis of CD3+ cells on immunohistochemically-stained thrombi and compared T-cell content between "atherothrombotic", "cardioembolism" and "other causes" stroke subtypes.
resultsFourteen (26%) thrombi were defined as fibrin-dominant, 15 (28%) as erythrocyte-dominant, 25 (46%) as mixed. The stroke cause was defined as "atherothrombotic" in 10 (18.5%), "cardioembolism" in 25 (46.3%), and "other causes" in 19 (35.2%). Number of T-cells was significantly higher in thrombi from the "atherothrombotic" group (53.60 ± 28.78) than in the other causes (21.77 ± 18.31; p<0.0005) or the "cardioembolism" group (20.08 ± 15.66; p<0.0003).
conclusionsThe CD3+ T-cell count in intracranial thrombi was significantly higher in "atherothrombotic" origin strokes compared to all other causes. Thrombi with high content of CD3+ cells are more likely to originate from an atherosclerotic plaque.
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