SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2016
Is Toxoplasma gondii type related to clinical outcome in human congenital infection? Systematic and critical review.
Synthesis in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- An African perspective on the genetic diversity ofParasitology · 2023Pooled it
- Characterization of ovine abortion in Uruguay reveals extensive non-clonal diversity and multiple evolutionary origins of Toxoplasma gondii.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a gra1-bag1 RT-qPCR assay as an alternative to the mouse bioassay for assessing Toxoplasma gondii viability.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis with pyrimethamine combined with sulfadiazine in a Chinese neonate: a case report.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Novel drug candidates targetingFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Diseases Caused by and Behaviors Associated withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Molecular diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis: the state of the art.Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2024Review
- Genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii in South America: occurrence, immunity, and fate of infection.Parasites & vectors · 2023Review
- Congenital Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis: Current Approaches and New Insights.Acta parasitologica · 2023Review
- Toxoplasma gondii SAG2, SAG3 and GRA6 alleles and single nucleotide polymorphism in congenital infections with known parasite load and clinical outcome.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2023Article
- Article
- Long-Term Outcomes in Children with Congenital Toxoplasmosis-A Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Anti-Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Toxoplasmosis impact on prematurity and low birth weight.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- One severe case of congenital toxoplasmosis in China with good response to azithromycin.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Congenital Transmission of Apicomplexan Parasites: A Review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Article
- Autoantibodies Against Ubiquitous and Confined Antigens in Patients With Ocular, Neuro-Ophthalmic and Congenital Cerebral Toxoplasmosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- NF-κB and Its Regulators During Pregnancy.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In human congenital toxoplasmosis the effects of parasite burden and pregnancy time at infection on clinical outcome are well known, but there is controversy regarding the role of Toxoplasma gondii type. Through a systematic review of the literature, we aimed to discern if T. gondii type has a role on clinical outcome in human congenital toxoplasmosis. We built up a database of congenital toxoplasmosis from reports of cases, case series and screening-based cohorts, which had information about parasite type, gestation time at maternal infection and/or clinical outcome in the product. Then, we obtained frequencies for loci used to genotype geographical origin of cases and types found. Also, odds ratios were calculated for association between time of maternal infection or parasite type on outcome. Type II parasites were the most common in Europe, Asia and Africa, while in America there were mainly atypical strains. More newborns with clinical problems were born from mothers infected during the first half of gestation than from those acquiring the parasite after week 24, regardless of parasite genotype (92.9 vs. 16.1 %, OR = 67.9, CI95 25.4-181.6). Type I and atypical parasites were associated with clinical problems as opposed to types II and III, regardless of pregnancy period at infection (86.9 vs. 72.9 %, OR = 2.47, CI95 1.1-5.4). A significant and remarkable tendency of type I parasites to be present during early pregnancy was also observed (94.4 vs. 5.6 %, P < 0.009). In addition to parasite burden and period of gestation, T. gondii genotype seems involved in CT clinical outcome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
27146878What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.