Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27145816›Full record

ArticleArthritis research & therapy2016

Selective inhibition of tropomyosin-receptor-kinase A (TrkA) reduces pain and joint damage in two rat models of inflammatory arthritis.

Sadaf Ashraf, Karyn S Bouhana, Jed Pheneger, Steven W Andrews, David A Walsh

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Pain mechanism and management strategy of rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Nerve Growth Factor and Autoimmune Diseases.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023
    Review
  12. Sensory Neuron-Specific Deletion of Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase A (International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. In Pursuit of an Allosteric Human Tropomyosin Kinase A (ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2021
    Article
  18. Monoclonal Antibodies for Chronic Pain Treatment: Present and Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Sadaf AshrafArthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. sadaf.ashraf@nottingham.ac.uk.
Karyn S BouhanaArray Biopharma, Boulder, CO, USA.
Jed PhenegerArray Biopharma, Boulder, CO, USA.
Steven W AndrewsArray Biopharma, Boulder, CO, USA.
David A WalshArthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Array BioPharma (United States) · USUniversity of Nottingham · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInflammation is an essential component of arthritis pain. Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a key role in acute and chronic pain states especially those associated with inflammation. NGF acts through tropomyosin-receptor-kinase A (TrkA). NGF blockade has reduced arthritis pain in clinical trials. We explored the mechanisms within the joint which may contribute to the analgesic effects of NGF by selectively inhibiting TrkA in carrageenan-induced or collagen-induced joint pain behaviour. The goal of the current study was to elucidate whether inflammation is central to the efficacy for NGF blockade.

methodsRats were injected in their left knees with 2 % carrageenan or saline. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was induced by intradermal injections of a mixture of bovine type II collagen (0.2 mg) and incomplete Freund's adjuvant (0.2 mg). Oral doses (30 mg/kg) of AR786 or vehicle control were given twice daily after arthritis induction. Ibuprofen-treated (35 mg/kg, orally, once daily) rats with CIA were used as positive analgesic controls. Pain behaviour was measured as hind-limb weight-bearing asymmetry and hind-paw withdrawal thresholds to von Frey hair stimulation (carrageenan synovitis), or withdrawal to joint compression using a Randall Selitto device (CIA). Inflammation was measured as increased knee joint diameter and by histopathological analysis.

resultsIntra-articular injections of carrageenan or induction of CIA was each associated with pain behaviour and synovial inflammation. Systemic administration of the TrkA inhibitor AR786 reduced carrageenan-induced or CIA-induced pain behaviour to control values, and inhibited joint swelling and histological evidence of synovial inflammation and joint damage.

conclusionsBy using two models of varying inflammation we demonstrate for the first time that selective inhibition of TrkA may reduce carrageenan-induced or CIA-induced pain behaviour in rats, in part through potentially inhibiting synovial inflammation, although direct effects on sensory nerves are also likely. Our observations suggest that inflammatory arthritis causes pain and the presence of inflammation is fundamental to the beneficial effects (reduction in pain and pathology) of NGF blockade. Further research should determine whether TrkA inhibition may ameliorate human inflammatory arthritis.

Indexed as

AnimalsArthritis, ExperimentalArthritis, RheumatoidEnzyme InhibitorsMalePainRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptor, trkAEnzyme InhibitorsReceptor, trkACarrageenanCollagen-induced arthritisInflammationKneeNerve growth factorPainTropomyosin-receptor-kinase A

Identifiers

PMID27145816
PMCPMC4857260
OpenAlexW2346902308

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.