ArticleOncotarget2016
Inhibition of cancer cell epithelial mesenchymal transition by normal fibroblasts via production of 5-methoxytryptophan.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- A comprehensive analysis of the tryptophan metabolism-related gene signature to predict the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma based on multi-omics.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- 5-Methoxytryptophan enhances the sensitivity of sorafenib on the inhibition of proliferation and metastasis for lung cancer cells.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Fibroblasts as Turned Agents in Cancer Progression.Cancers · 2023Review
- 5-Methoxytryptophan Sensitizing Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma Cell to Cisplatitn Through Inhibiting Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3).Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Article
- Cytoguardin: A Tryptophan Metabolite against Cancer Growth and Metastasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Control of Tissue Fibrosis by 5-Methoxytryptophan, an Innate Anti-Inflammatory Metabolite.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- 5-methoxytryptophan: an arsenal against vascular injury and inflammation.Journal of biomedical science · 2020Review
- Poricoic acid A as a modulator of TPH-1 expression inhibits renal fibrosisTherapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2020Article
- Effect of fibroblast co-culture on the proliferation, viability and drug response of colon cancer cells.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- Restoration of hydroxyindoleThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2018Article
- Osthole inhibited TGF β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by suppressing NF-κB mediated Snail activation in lung cancer A549 cells.Cell adhesion & migration · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We reported previously that human fibroblasts release 5-methoxytryptophan (5-MTP) which inhibits cancer cell COX-2 overexpression and suppresses cancer cell migration and metastasis. To determine whether fibroblasts block cancer cell epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) via 5-MTP, we evaluated the effect of Hs68 fibroblasts (HsFb) on A549 cancer cell EMT in a two-chamber system. Co-incubation of A549 with HsFb prevented TGF-β1-induced reduction of E-cadherin and increase in Snail and N-cadherin. Transfection of HsFb with tryptophan hydroxylase-1 siRNA, which inhibited tryptophan hydroxylase-1 protein expression and 5-MTP release in HsFb abrogated the effect of HsFb on A549 EMT. Direct addition of pure 5-MTP to cultured A549 cells followed by TGF-β1 prevented TGF-β1-induced reduction of E-cadherin, and elevation of Snail, vimentin and matrix metalloproteinase 9. Administration of 5-MTP to a murine xenograft tumor model reduced vimentin protein expression in the tumor tissues compared to vehicle control which was correlated with reduction of metastasis in the 5-MTP treated mice. Our experimental data suggest that 5-MTP exerted its anti-EMT actions through inhibition of p38 MAPK activation, p65/p50 NF-κB nuclear translocation and transactivation without the involvement of COX-2 or p300 histone acetyltransferase. Our findings indicate that fibroblasts release a tryptophan metabolite, 5-MTP, to reduce cancer cell EMT, migration, invasion and metastasis.
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Registered trials
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