ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism2016
Enteral β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplementation increases protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs.
Article in American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- HMB supplementation combined with high-intensity functional exercise supports aerobic capacity but not strength in trained and untrained males: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Trial
- The Influence of Acute Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Ingestion on the Human Skeletal Muscle Transcriptome.Nutrients · 2026Article
- International society of sports nutrition position stand: β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB).Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Review
- Double-Edge Effects of Leucine on Cancer Cells.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Amino acids regulating skeletal muscle metabolism: mechanisms of action, physical training dosage recommendations and adverse effects.Nutrition & metabolism · 2024Review
- Nutritional Regulation of Muscle Stem Cells in Exercise and Disease: The Role of Protein and Amino Acid Dietary Supplementation.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Intermittent bolus feeding does not enhance protein synthesis, myonuclear accretion, or lean growth more than continuous feeding in a premature piglet model.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Article
- Intermittent leucine pulses during continuous feeding alters novel components involved in skeletal muscle growth of neonatal pigs.Amino acids · 2020Article
- Satellite cells and their regulation in livestock.Journal of animal science · 2020Review
- Differential regulation of mTORC1 activation by leucine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2020Article
- Leucine Supplementation Does Not Restore Diminished Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell Abundance and Myonuclear Accretion When Protein Intake Is Limiting in Neonatal Pigs.The Journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- Regulation of Muscle Growth in Early Postnatal Life in a Swine Model.Annual review of animal biosciences · 2019Review
- Variables Influencing the Effectiveness of Creatine Supplementation as a Therapeutic Intervention for Sarcopenia.Frontiers in nutrition · 2019Review
- Protein Availability and Satellite Cell Dynamics in Skeletal Muscle.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Review
- Growth Responses of Preterm Pigs Fed Formulas with Different Protein Levels and Supplemented with Leucine or β-Hydroxyl β-Methylbutyrate.Nutrients · 2018Article
- Branched Chain Amino Acids: Beyond Nutrition Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Critical Windows for the Programming Effects of Early-Life Nutrition on Skeletal Muscle Mass.Nestle Nutrition Institute workshop series · 2018Article
- Branched-chain amino acids in liver diseases.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2018Review
- Transfer ofJournal of animal science and biotechnology · 2017Article
- Characterisation of equine satellite cell transcriptomic profile response to β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB).The British journal of nutrition · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many low-birth weight infants are at risk for poor growth due to an inability to achieve adequate protein intake. Administration of the amino acid leucine stimulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of neonates. To determine the effects of enteral supplementation of the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on protein synthesis and the regulation of translation initiation and degradation pathways, overnight-fasted neonatal pigs were studied immediately (F) or fed one of five diets for 24 h: low-protein (LP), high-protein (HP), or LP diet supplemented with 4 (HMB4), 40 (HMB40), or 80 (HMB80) μmol HMB·kg body wt(-1)·day(-1) Cell replication was assessed from nuclear incorporation of BrdU in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle and jejunum crypt cells. Protein synthesis rates in LD, gastrocnemius, rhomboideus, and diaphragm muscles, lung, and brain were greater in HMB80 and HP and in brain were greater in HMB40 compared with LP and F groups. Formation of the eIF4E·eIF4G complex and S6K1 and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in LD, gastrocnemius, and rhomboideus muscles were greater in HMB80 and HP than in LP and F groups. Phosphorylation of eIF2α and eEF2 and expression of SNAT2, LAT1, MuRF1, atrogin-1, and LC3-II were unchanged. Numbers of BrdU-positive myonuclei in the LD were greater in HMB80 and HP than in the LP and F groups; there were no differences in jejunum. The results suggest that enteral supplementation with HMB increases skeletal muscle protein anabolism in neonates by stimulation of protein synthesis and satellite cell proliferation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.