ArticleLung2016
Frequent Exacerbator: The Phenotype at Risk of Depressive Symptoms in Geriatric COPD Patients.
Article in Lung, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between mental health and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Pooled it
- Association between impairment of lung function and risk of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Validation of the patient health questionnaire (PHQ)-9 and PHQ-2 in patients with COPD in China.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Enhanced polygenic risk score incorporating gene-environment interaction suggests the association of major depressive disorder with cardiac and lung function.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Frequent Exacerbator Phenotype: What is Different in these Patients?Tanaffos · 2022Article
- Observational
- Validation of the brief international classification of functioning, disability, and health core set for obstructive pulmonary disease in the Chinese context.Chronic respiratory diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionDepression is associated with a poorer quality of life and higher rate of COPD exacerbations and mortality. However, with multiple confounding factors, 'independent' risk factor for depression among COPD patients remains ambiguous. Our study aims to identify independent risk factors for depression by specifically evaluating for any independent relationship between frequent exacerbations and various domains of the BODE index on depression.
methodsThis study is a cross-sectional study, conducted in Hong Kong SAR. Age and comorbidity-matched COPD and control subjects were recruited. Depressive symptoms were measured by a validated Chinese version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15 items). Prevalence rates of depressive symptoms were compared between COPD and control groups. Predictors for depression (GDS ≥ 8) were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses.
resultsA total of 161 patients (89 and 72 patients, mean ages 75.2 and 75.6 in COPD and control group, respectively) were recruited. Higher prevalence rate of significant depressive symptoms was seen in COPD patients (20.2 vs. 4.2 %, p = 0.006*). Univariate analysis suggested that predictors for depression in COPD patients included (i) exacerbation frequencies in prior year, (ii) dyspnea level, (iii) BMI, (iv) functional status (Barthel index, 6MWD, activity domain of SGRQ), and (v) BODE index. In multivariate analysis, only the 'exacerbation frequencies in prior year' (OR 1.46, p = 0.042*) and 'dyspnea level' (MMRC) (OR 2.75, p = 0.001*) remained significant independent predictors for depression in COPD patients.
conclusionsA high prevalence of depressive symptoms was observed in COPD patients. 'Frequent exacerbation phenotype' remained a significant independent predictor for depressive symptoms in COPD. Among the BODE index domains, dyspnea level is the most important predictor for depression in COPD patients.
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