ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics2016
Population Pharmacokinetic Modelling and Bayesian Estimation of Tacrolimus Exposure: Is this Clinically Useful for Dosage Prediction Yet?
Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accelerating tacrolimus model-informed precision dosing in kidney transplant recipients: Model evaluation and refinement strategies.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Model-Informed Precision Dosing of Tacrolimus: A Systematic Review of Population Pharmacokinetic Models and a Benchmark Study of Software Tools.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Pooled it
- Population pharmacokinetic analyses of tacrolimus in non-transplant patients: a systematic review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Population Pharmacokinetic Models of Tacrolimus in Adult Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2020Pooled it
- Toward a robust tool for pharmacokinetic-based personalization of treatment with tacrolimus in solid organ transplantation: A model-based meta-analysis approach.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Bayesian optimization of tacrolimus exposure in stable kidney transplant patients.Pharmacotherapy · 2023Trial
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Strategies for Envarsus in De Novo Kidney Transplant Patients Using Population Modelling and Simulations.Advances in therapy · 2021Trial
- Unbound Plasma, Total Plasma, and Whole-Blood Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics Early After Thoracic Organ Transplantation.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2020Trial
- Therapeutic concentration achievement and allograft survival comparing usage of conventional tacrolimus doses and CYP3A5 genotype-guided doses in renal transplantation patients.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Trial
- Population pharmacokinetic model and Bayesian estimator for 2 tacrolimus formulations in adult liver transplant patients.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Trial
- The CYP3A biomarker 4β-hydroxycholesterol does not improve tacrolimus dose predictions early after kidney transplantation.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2017Trial
- A Review of Population Pharmacokinetic Models and Dosing Algorithms Assessing the Influence of CYP3A5 Genotype and Other Clinical Covariates on Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2026Review
- Clinical Model-Informed Precision Dosing Consult Service for Accelerating Personalized Medication in Pediatric Patients.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations in Special Populations: A Call to Action.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Model Informed Precision Dosing of Tacrolimus in Children Following Heart Transplant.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients During the First Month After Transplantation.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2026Article
- State of Art of Dose Individualization to Support tacrolimus drug monitoring: What's Next?Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Review
- Guidance on Selecting Optimal Steady-State Tacrolimus Concentrations for Continuous IV Perfusion: Insights from Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Optimizing tacrolimus dosing in Hispanic renal transplant patients: insights from real-world data.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review summarises the available data on the population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and use of Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) Bayesian estimation to predict tacrolimus exposure and subsequent drug dosage requirements in solid organ transplant recipients. A literature search was conducted which identified 56 studies that assessed the population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus based on non-linear mixed effects modelling and 14 studies that assessed the predictive performance of MAP Bayesian estimation of tacrolimus area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) from time zero to the end of the dosing interval. Studies were most commonly undertaken in adult kidney transplant recipients and investigated the immediate-release formulation. The pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus were described using one- and two-compartment disposition models with first-order elimination in 61 and 39 % of population pharmacokinetic studies, respectively. Variability in tacrolimus whole blood apparent clearance amongst transplant recipients was most commonly related to cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5 genotype (rs776746), patient haematocrit, patient weight, post-operative day and hepatic function (aspartate aminotransferase). Bias, as calculated using estimation of the mean predictive error (MPE) or mean percentage predictive error (MPPE) associated with prediction of the tacrolimus AUC, ranged from -15 to 9.95 %. Imprecision, as calculated through estimation of the root mean squared error (RMSE) or mean absolute prediction error (MAPE), was generally much poorer overall, ranging from 0.81 to 40. r
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