ArticleThe American journal of cardiology2016
Relation of Persistent Depressive Symptoms to Coronary Artery Calcification in Women Aged 46 to 59 Years.
Article in The American journal of cardiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brazilian Guideline on Menopausal Cardiovascular Health - 2024.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2024Guideline
- Association of Depression with Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis: a Systematic Review.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2021Pooled it
- Beyond the Coronaries: Utility of Extra-Coronary Calcification for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Women.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Everyday discrimination and subclinical indicators of stroke in midlife women.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women with Menopause.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Association of mental health in childhood, adolescence and young adulthood with cardiovascular risk factors and carotid remodeling below age 30 - results from the KiGGS cohort study.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- The menopausal transition period and cardiovascular risk.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2024Review
- Brazilian Guideline on Menopausal Cardiovascular Health - 2024.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2024Article
- Menopause Predisposes Women to Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Psychosocial Well-Being and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Midlife Women.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
- Article
- High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and arterial calcification in midlife women: the contribution of estradiol and C-reactive protein.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Association of depressive symptom severity with coronary artery calcium: The Dallas heart study.Journal of affective disorders · 2020Article
- The Relationship between Depression Symptoms and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Angiography.Iranian journal of psychiatry · 2020Article
- A Matched Case-Control Study on the Association Between Colds, Depressive Symptoms during Pregnancy and Congenital Heart Disease in Northwestern China.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Major depressive disorder and access to health services among people who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2018Article
- Interaction between smoking and depressive symptoms with subclinical heart disease in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2017Article
- Addressing Knowledge Gaps in the 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk: a Review of Recent Coronary Artery Calcium Literature.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2017Review
- Depressive Symptoms During Childhood and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Black and White Men.Psychosomatic medicineArticle
- Somatic Versus Cognitive Depressive Symptoms as Predictors of Coronary Artery Disease among Women with Suspected Ischemia: The Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation.Heart and mind (Mumbai, India)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Depressive disorders have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the impact of depression on early atherogenesis has not been well described, particularly in women and minorities. The relation between repeated episodes of high depressive symptoms and coronary calcium (CAC) is unknown in women at midlife when depression is common. Participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Heart study were assessed annually for depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale [CES-D scale]) over 5 years before CAC assessment and classified as high (CES-D ≥16) or not. CAC, measured by computed tomography, was analyzed as a categorical variable using cumulative logit partial proportional odds models. In these middle-aged women free of CVD and diabetes (194 black, 334 white), high depressive symptoms over 5 years were common; 19% had 1, 9% had 2, and 11% experienced ≥3 episodes. CAC was low; 54% had no CAC, 25% had scores from 0 to 10, and 21% had CAC ≥10 Agatston score. After adjusting for CVD risk factors, women with ≥3 episodes were twice as likely to have significant CAC (≥10 Agatston units) than women with no depressive episodes (odds ratio 2.20, 95% confidence interval 1.13 to 4.28, p = 0.020) with no difference by race. Women with 1 or 2 episodes did not differ from women with no episodes. In conclusion, in healthy women aged 46 to 59 years without clinical CVD or diabetes, persistent depressive symptoms were significantly associated with elevated CAC scores, suggesting that they are more likely to have pathophysiological and behavioral effects on the development of subclinical CVD than does a single episode of elevated depressive symptoms.
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