ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2016
Cigarette smoke but not electronic cigarette aerosol activates a stress response in human coronary artery endothelial cells in culture.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04982978 (The Effectiveness of the Protection Motivation Theory in Reducing Vaping Behaviour in a Student Population), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effectiveness of the Protection Motivation Theory in Reducing Vaping Behaviour in a Student Population
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low cigarette consumption and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: meta-analysis of 141 cohort studies in 55 study reports.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2018Pooled it
- Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Pathogenesis of plaque erosion.Trends in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Biomarkers Differentiating Plaque Erosion from Stable Plaque.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Effects of cigarette smoke extract on angiogenesis and aromatase activity in KGN cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Addressing Cardiovascular Toxicity Risk of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems in the Twenty-First Century: "What Are the Tools Needed for the Job?" and "Do We Have Them?"Cardiovascular toxicology · 2024Review
- Consideration of vaping products as an alternative to adult smoking: a narrative review.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2023Review
- Varied effects of tobacco smoke and e-cigarette vapor suggest that nicotine does not affect endothelium-dependent relaxation and nitric oxide signaling.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A Nrf2-OSGIN1&2-HSP70 axis mediates cigarette smoke-induced endothelial detachment: implications for plaque erosion.Cardiovascular research · 2023Article
- Regulation of endothelial function by cigarette smoke and next-generation tobacco and nicotine products.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2023Review
- Comparative study of the effects of cigarette smoke versus next-generation tobacco and nicotine product extracts on inflammatory biomarkers of human monocytes.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2023Article
- The Impact of Tobacco Cigarettes, Vaping Products and Tobacco Heating Products on Oxidative Stress.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Epigenetic Regulation ofCirculation research · 2022Article
- Genome-wide differential expression profiling of lncRNAs and mRNAs in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells exposed to e-cigarette extract.Stem cell research & therapy · 2021Article
- The chemistry and toxicology of vaping.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021Review
- Electronic and Tobacco Cigarettes Alter Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Oxidative Biomarkers.Circulation research · 2021Article
- Nicotine exacerbates atherosclerosis through a macrophage-mediated endothelial injury pathway.Aging · 2021Article
- Collecting e-cigarette aerosols for in vitro applications: A survey of the biomedical literature and opportunities to increase the value of submerged cell culture-based assessments.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2021Review
- Cardiovascular risk of electronic cigarettes: a review of preclinical and clinical studies.Cardiovascular research · 2020Review
- Electronic Cigarettes and Cardiovascular Risk: Caution Waiting for Evidence.European cardiology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt is generally acknowledged that e-cigarettes are unlikely to be as harmful as conventional cigarettes, but there is little data that quantifies their relative harms. We investigated the biological response to e-cigarette aerosol exposure (versus conventional cigarette smoke exposure) at the cellular level, by exposing human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) to aqueous filtered extracts of e-cigarette aerosol or cigarette smoke and looking at gene expression changes consistent with a stress response. This included genes controlled by the oxidant-stress sensing transcription factor NFR2 (NFE2L2), and cytochrome P450 family members.
methodsCigarette smoke extract (CSE) was created using mainstream smoke from a single cigarette drawn through 10ml of endothelial cell growth media MV2. Electronic cigarette aerosol extract (eCAE) was created using the same apparatus, using a constant power output of 10.8w (4.2V) and 18mg/ml nicotine solution. eCAE was generated using 5 cycles of 5s heat with at least 10s in between each puff to allow the coil to cool, air being drawn through the device at 70ml/minute.
resultsHCAEC responded to the noxious components in CSE, resulting in activation of NRF2 and upregulation of cytochrome p450. However, eCAE did not induce NRF2 nuclear localisation, upregulation of NRF2-activated genes, or the upregulation of cytochrome p450.
conclusionsThe use of e-cigarettes as a substitute for conventional cigarettes is likely to reduce immediate tobacco-related harm, at least with respect to cardiovascular harms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.