Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27134774›Full record

ArticleTranslational vision science & technology2016

The 24-2 Visual Field Test Misses Central Macular Damage Confirmed by the 10-2 Visual Field Test and Optical Coherence Tomography.

Lola M Grillo, Diane L Wang, Rithambara Ramachandran, Alyssa C Ehrlich, Carlos Gustavo De Moraes, Robert Ritch, Donald C Hood

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational vision science & technology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
68citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

68 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Spatial occurrence of glaucomatous visual field damage in the combined 24-2 and 10-2 test locations.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Article
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  5. Nocturnal diastolic hypotension is associated with central visual field defect in early and moderate normal tension glaucoma.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025
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8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lola M GrilloDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Diane L WangDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Rithambara RamachandranDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Alyssa C EhrlichDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Carlos Gustavo De MoraesDepartment of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Robert RitchDepartment of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Donald C HoodDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA ; Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

Funding

Tests of Models of Retinal/Optic Nerve Diseases&AdaptionR01EY002115 · NEI · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI HOOD, DONALD C. · 1985 to 2018
$7.4M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY002115
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo determine the extent to which the 24-2 visual field (VF) misses macular damage confirmed with both 10-2 VF and optical coherence tomography (OCT) tests and to evaluate the patterns of damage missed.

methodsOne hundred forty-one eyes of 141 glaucoma patients or suspects underwent 24-2 VF (mean deviation [MD] better than -6 dB), 10-2 VF, and OCT testing. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and retinal ganglion cell plus inner plexiform (RGC+) probability plots were combined with 10-2 VF probability plots. Eyes were classified as "abnormal macula" if abnormal regions on both the 10-2 VF and OCT plots agreed. The number of abnormal eyes missed (i.e., false negatives) was determined for the following 24-2 VF metrics: MD; pattern standard deviation (PSD); glaucoma hemifield test (GHT); cluster criteria (CC); and abnormal points within ± 10°. Eyes that were missed on one or more of the 24-2 metrics were classified by damage type based upon circumpapillary RNFL thickness plots.

resultsFifty-nine (41.8%) eyes were classified as "abnormal macula," and comprised the reference standard. Of the 59, 31 (52.5%) were missed by one or more of the 24-2 metrics. The individual 24-2 metrics missed between 7 (CC) and 20 (MD) eyes. The eyes missed had widespread macular damage, as well as both shallow and deep local defects.

conclusionsEyes with macular glaucomatous damage may be classified as normal based on the 24-2 VF alone. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE: To detect macular damage with perimetry, the 10-2 VF test (or a modified 24-2 VF test) is essential.

Indexed as

glaucomamaculaoptical coherence tomographyperimetry

Identifiers

PMID27134774
PMCPMC4849532

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.