Trial reportClinical breast cancer2016
Targeting Estrogen Receptor Beta in a Phase 2 Study of High-Dose Estradiol in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Wisconsin Oncology Network Study.
Trial report in Clinical breast cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor-associated macrophages suppress estrogen receptor-β expression in triple-negative breast cancer through the PI3K/AKT pathway.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Interaction between Estrogen Receptors and p53: A Broader Role for Tamoxifen?Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Review
- Drivers and suppressors of triple-negative breast cancer.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Review
- Estrogen Receptor Beta: The Promising Biomarker and Potential Target in Metastases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- Estrogen-Related Receptor α (ERRα) and G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) Synergistically Indicate Poor Prognosis in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.OncoTargets and therapy · 2020Article
- The role of estrogen receptor beta in breast cancer.Biomarker research · 2020Review
- Duality of estrogen receptor β action in cancer progression.Current opinion in pharmacology · 2018Review
- Extranuclear signaling by sex steroid receptors and clinical implications in breast cancer.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2018Review
- GEPSI: A Gene Expression Profile Similarity-Based Identification Method of Bioactive Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2018Article
- Genistein PreventsCurrent developments in nutrition · 2017Article
- Mediterranean Diet: Prevention of Colorectal Cancer.Frontiers in nutrition · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEstrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is expressed by 50% to 80% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). Agonism of ERβ has antiproliferative effects in TNBC cells expressing ERβ. This phase 2 study evaluated single-agent high-dose estradiol in patients with advanced TNBC. PATIENTS AND
methodsAdult women with measurable advanced TNBC were treated with estradiol 10 mg oral 3 times daily provided continuously for 28-day cycles. A Simon optimal 2-stage design was used. The primary end point was objective response (OR). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), clinical benefit (CB), and safety. OR, CB, and PFS by ERβ status were also examined.
resultsSeventeen evaluable women were enrolled. Median age was 58 years (range, 34-90 years); the median number of prior systemic therapies was 2 (range, 0-6). One patient had a confirmed partial response (OR rate, 5.9%) and remained on the study for > 24 weeks. Three patients had stable disease, with one lasting more than 16 weeks. ERβ expression was detected in 77% (13 patients). The CB rate at 16 weeks was 15% (2 of 13) in ERβ-positive patients and 0% (0 of 4) in ERβ-negative patients (P = 1). PFS was poor (median, 1.9 months) and not statistically significantly different between ERβ-positive versus -negative patients. No new adverse events from estradiol were identified. The study closed after the first stage as a result of limited responses in these unselected patients.
conclusionIn unselected TNBC, high-dose estradiol has limited efficacy. However, further evaluation of ERβ selective agonists in TNBC selected by ERβ expression may be warranted.
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