ArticleClinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology2016
Ana o 1 and Ana o 2 cashew allergens share cross-reactive CD4(+) T cell epitopes with other tree nuts.
Article in Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trends in allergen-reactive CRTH2+ T cells and TARC associated with successful outcomes in a phase 2 cashew oral immunotherapy study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Molecular Allergology: Epitope Discovery and Its Application for Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy of Food Allergy.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Single cell profiling of circulating autoreactive CD4 T cells from patients with autoimmune liver diseases suggests tissue imprinting.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Role of human antigen-specific T cells in tolerance and IgE-mediated allergic reactions to food.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Enhancing allergenicity risk assessment for novel foods in the EU: insights from the updated EFSA guidance - requirements, knowledge gaps and research needs.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Review
- Contribution of T cell subsets to different food allergic diseases.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- T-cell epitope discovery and single-cell technologies to advance food allergy research.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Review
- Patterns of Clinical Reactivity in a Danish Cohort of Tree Nut Allergic Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.Frontiers in allergy · 2022Article
- Aptamer-Based Fluorescent Biosensor for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Allergens in Food Matrices.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Identification of antigen-specific TCR sequences based on biological and statistical enrichment in unselected individuals.JCI insight · 2021Article
- Effect of structural stability on endolysosomal degradation and T-cell reactivity of major shrimp allergen tropomyosin.Allergy · 2020Article
- Antigen-specific regulatory T-cell responses against aeroantigens and their role in allergy.Mucosal immunology · 2018Review
- Heterogeneity of Ara h Component-Specific CD4 T Cell Responses in Peanut-Allergic Subjects.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Pathogenic CD4The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2017Review
- On Peptides and Altered Peptide Ligands: From Origin, Mode of Action and Design to Clinical Application (Immunotherapy).International archives of allergy and immunology · 2016Review
- IgE Cross-Reactivity of Cashew Nut Allergens.International archives of allergy and immunologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAllergies to cashew are increasing in prevalence, with clinical symptoms ranging from oral pruritus to fatal anaphylactic reaction. Yet, cashew-specific T cell epitopes and T cell cross-reactivity amongst cashew and other tree nut allergens in humans remain uncharacterized.
objectivesIn this study, we characterized cashew-specific T cell responses in cashew-allergic subjects and examined cross-reactivity of these cashew-specific cells towards other tree nut allergens.
methodsCD154 up-regulation assay was used to determine immunodominance hierarchy among cashew major allergens at the T cell level. The phenotype, magnitude and functionality of cashew-specific T cells were determined by utilizing ex vivo staining with MHC class II tetramers. Dual tetramer staining and proliferation experiments were used to determine cross-reactivity to other tree nuts.
resultsCD4(+) T cell responses were directed towards cashew allergens Ana o 1 and Ana o 2. Multiple Ana o 1 and Ana o 2 T cell epitopes were then identified. These epitopes elicited either TH 2 or TH 2/TH 17 responses in allergic subjects, which were either cashew unique epitope or cross-reactive epitopes. For clones that recognized the cross-reactive epitope, T cell clones responded robustly to cashew, hazelnut and/or pistachio but not to walnut.
conclusionsPhylogenetically diverse tree nut allergens can activate cashew-reactive T cells and elicit a TH 2-type response at an epitope-specific level. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Lack of cross-reactivity between walnut and cashew suggests that cashew peptide immunotherapy approach may not be most effective for walnut.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.