ArticlePloS one2016
The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 166 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
166 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- ENIGMA + COINSTAC: Improving Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Re-usability.Neuroinformatics · 2022Pooled it
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- Digital infrastructure to support and share daily high-throughput experimental materials research.Faraday discussions · 2026Article
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- Predicted Effector Gene Aggregation, Standards and Unified Schema (PEGASUS): A Community Framework for Effector Gene Reporting.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- VO: The Vaccine Ontology.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Representing dental restoration materials in the oral health and disease ontology.Journal of biomedical semantics · 2026Article
- The Common Fund Data Ecosystem (CFDE).bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Semantic annotation of Glycomics and Glycoproteomics methods.Glycobiology · 2026Article
- An ontology-based description of nano computed tomography measurements in electronic laboratory notebooks.Scientific data · 2026Article
- SquiDBase: a community resource of raw nanopore data from microbes.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Polarity-Aware Knowledge Graph Reveals Diet-Microbiome-Health Mechanisms with Relevance to Muscle, Immune and Metabolic Aging.Research square · 2026Article
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- SEA CDM: Study-Experiment-Assay Common Data Model and Databases for Cross-Domain Data Integration and Analysis.Scientific data · 2026Article
106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
44 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) is an ontology that provides terms with precisely defined meanings to describe all aspects of how investigations in the biological and medical domains are conducted. OBI re-uses ontologies that provide a representation of biomedical knowledge from the Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) project and adds the ability to describe how this knowledge was derived. We here describe the state of OBI and several applications that are using it, such as adding semantic expressivity to existing databases, building data entry forms, and enabling interoperability between knowledge resources. OBI covers all phases of the investigation process, such as planning, execution and reporting. It represents information and material entities that participate in these processes, as well as roles and functions. Prior to OBI, it was not possible to use a single internally consistent resource that could be applied to multiple types of experiments for these applications. OBI has made this possible by creating terms for entities involved in biological and medical investigations and by importing parts of other biomedical ontologies such as GO, Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) and Phenotype Attribute and Trait Ontology (PATO) without altering their meaning. OBI is being used in a wide range of projects covering genomics, multi-omics, immunology, and catalogs of services. OBI has also spawned other ontologies (Information Artifact Ontology) and methods for importing parts of ontologies (Minimum information to reference an external ontology term (MIREOT)). The OBI project is an open cross-disciplinary collaborative effort, encompassing multiple research communities from around the globe. To date, OBI has created 2366 classes and 40 relations along with textual and formal definitions. The OBI Consortium maintains a web resource (http://obi-ontology.org) providing details on the people, policies, and issues being addressed in association with OBI. The current release of OBI is available at http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.