Trial reportAntiviral therapy2016
Acceptability of lopinavir/r pellets (minitabs), tablets and syrups in HIV-infected children.
Trial report in Antiviral therapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Poor-tasting pediatric medicines: Part 1. A scoping review of their impact on patient acceptability, medication adherence, and treatment outcomes.Frontiers in drug delivery · 2025Pooled it
- Predictors of Sustained Viral Suppression among Children Living with HIV in Kenya: Secondary Analysis of Data from a Randomized Control Study.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2026Trial
- Clinical Outcomes in Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treated for Nonsevere Tuberculosis in the SHINE Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Acceptability of placebo multiparticulate formulations in children and adults.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Ensuring People Living with HIV Inform the Future of HIV Treatment in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review and Recommendations for a Community-Led Research Agenda.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Challenges with pediatric antiretroviral therapy administration: Qualitative perspectives from caregivers and HIV providers in Kenya.PloS one · 2024Article
- Optimizing antiretroviral therapy for children living with HIV: Experience from an observational cohort in Lesotho.PloS one · 2023Observational
- Drugs for neglected tropical diseases: availability of age-appropriate oral formulations for young children.Parasites & vectors · 2022Review
- Global sales of oral antibiotics formulated for children.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2020Article
- Optimizing Pediatric Dosing Recommendations and Treatment Management of Antiretroviral Drugs Using Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Data in Children Living With HIV.Therapeutic drug monitoring · 2019Review
- Cost-Effectiveness of Preemptive Switching to Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy for Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Pursuing use of optimal formulations for paediatric HIV epidemic control - a look at the use of LPV/r oral pellets and oral granules.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir/Ritonavir: Changes Across Formulations and Human Development From Infancy Through Adulthood.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2018Article
- Optimizing Clinical Trial Design to Maximize Evidence Generation in Pediatric HIV.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Propelling the Pediatric HIV Therapeutic Agenda With Science, Innovation, and Collaboration.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Oral medicine acceptance in infants and toddlers: measurement properties of the caregiver-administered Children's acceptance tool (CareCAT).BMC pediatrics · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLopinavir/ritonavir 'pellets' were recently tentatively approved for licensing. We describe their acceptability for infants and children up to 48 weeks.
methodsCHAPAS-2 was a randomized, two-period crossover trial comparing syrup and pellets in HIV-infected infants (n=19, group A, aged 3-<12 months) and children (n=26, group B, 1-<4 years) and tablets and pellets in older children (n=32, group C, 4-<13 years) from two clinics ('JCRC', 'PIDC') in Uganda. At week 8, all groups chose which formulation to continue. Acceptability data were collected at weeks 0, 4, 8, 12 and 48.
resultsFor groups A and B overall, the proportion preferring pellets increased between week 0 and week 12 and decreased at week 48 (group A 37%, 72%, 44%; group B 12%, 64% and 36%, respectively), although there were marked differences between clinics. For group C, pellets were progressively less preferred to tablets over time: 41%, 19% and 13% at weeks 0, 12 and 48, respectively. During follow-up unpleasant taste was similarly reported among young children taking pellets and syrups (37%/43% group A; 29%/26% group B), whereas among older children, pellets tasted worse than tablets (40%/2%). No participants reported problems with storage/transportation for pellets (0%/0%) unlike syrups (23%/13%).
conclusionsFor children <4 years, pellets were more acceptable at week 12 but not week 48. Clinic differences could reflect bias among health-care workers for different formulations. Pellets taste similar to syrup, are easier to store and transport than syrup and represent an alternative formulation for young children unable to swallow tablets; improvements in taste and support for health-care workers may help sustain acceptability.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.