ArticleCase reports in radiology2016
Hyperintense Acute Reperfusion Marker on FLAIR in a Patient with Transient Ischemic Attack.
Article in Case reports in radiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predictive Value of Hyperintense Acute Reperfusion Marker in Transient Ischemic Attacks: Stroke Recurrence and TOAST Classification.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Good outcome associated with blood-brain barrier disruption and lower blood pressure after endovascular therapy.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2023Article
- Rare pitfall in the magnetic resonance imaging of status epilepticus.eNeurologicalSci · 2022Article
- Ipsilateral blooming of microbleeds after Hyperintense Acute Reperfusion Marker sign in an ischemic Stroke patient, a case report.BMC neurology · 2022Article
- The Clinical Significance of the Hyperintense Acute Reperfusion Marker Sign in Subacute Infarction Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The Usefulness of Quantitative Analysis of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Measured Using Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Predict Neurological Prognosis in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survivors: A Preliminary Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Usefulness of hyperintense acute reperfusion marker sign in patients with transient neurologic symptom.Medicine · 2019Article
- Pericortical Enhancement on Delayed Postgadolinium Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Images in Normal Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer Disease.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2017Article
- Role of Hyperintense Acute Reperfusion Marker for Classifying the Stroke Etiology.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Article
- Recent advances in the management of transient ischemic attacks.F1000Research · 2017Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hyperintense acute reperfusion marker (HARM) has initially been described in acute ischemic stroke. The phenomenon is caused by blood-brain barrier disruption following acute reperfusion and consecutive delayed gadolinium enhancement in the subarachnoid space on fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images. Here we report the case of an 80-year-old man who presented with transient paresis and sensory loss in the right arm. Initial routine stroke MRI including diffusion- and perfusion-weighted imaging demonstrated no acute pathology. Follow-up MRI after three hours demonstrated subarachnoid gadolinium enhancement in the left middle cerebral artery territory consistent with HARM that completely resolved on follow-up MRI three days later. This case illustrates that even in transient ischemic attack patients disturbances of the blood-brain barrier may be present which significantly exceed the extent of acute ischemic lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging. Inclusion of FLAIR images with delayed acquisition after intravenous contrast agent application in MRI stroke protocols might facilitate the diagnosis of a recent acute ischemic stroke.
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