ReviewBritish journal of sports medicine2016
Revisiting the continuum model of tendon pathology: what is its merit in clinical practice and research?
Review in British journal of sports medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 162 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
162 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of sensorimotor training on functional and pain outcomes in achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Pooled it
- Is neurogenic inflammation involved in tendinopathy? A systematic review.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Are Plantarflexor Muscle Impairments Present Among Individuals with Achilles Tendinopathy and Do They Change with Exercise? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Altered Strength Profile in Achilles Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of athletic training · 2019Pooled it
- Topical glyceryl trinitrate for the treatment of tendinopathies: a systematic review.British journal of sports medicine · 2019Pooled it
- How does surgery compare to sham surgery or physiotherapy as a treatment for tendinopathy? A systematic review of randomised trials.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Rate of Improvement of Pain and Function in Mid-Portion Achilles Tendinopathy with Loading Protocols: A Systematic Review and Longitudinal Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2018Pooled it
- Association Between Physical Tests and Patients-Reported Outcomes in Athletes Performing Exercise Therapy for Patellar Tendinopathy: A Secondary Analysis of the JUMPER Study.The American journal of sports medicine · 2023Trial
- Isometric exercises do not provide immediate pain relief in Achilles tendinopathy: A quasi-randomized clinical trial.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2020Trial
- Alfredson versus Silbernagel exercise therapy in chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2017Trial
- Line- and Point-Focused Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Achilles Tendinopathy: A Placebo-Controlled RCT Study.Sports healthTrial
- Lower limb neuromotor control during perturbed and unperturbed gait conditions in male runners with Achilles tendinopathy: an exploratory analysis.International biomechanics · 2026Article
- Prevalence of ultrasound-detected changes in the common extensor tendon of the elbow in asymptomatic amateur senior tennis players: associations with dominant arm and backhand technique.Skeletal radiology · 2026Article
- Ultrasound-Guided Collagen Peptides Injections Combined with Focused Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy and Therapeutic Exercise in Chronic Partial Common Extensor Tendon Tears at Elbow Lateral Epicondyle: A Retrospective Case Series.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations Between Anthropometric Characteristics, Jump Performance and Recorded Tendon-Related Disorders in Youth Volleyball Players.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Clinical, Functional, and Ultrasonographic Assessment of the Shoulder-Elbow Complex in Padel Players with Lateral Elbow Tendinopathy: A Pilot Observational Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Recent advances in immunoregulatory biomaterials for tendon healing: From immune remodeling to functional regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- No short-term changes in tendon structure following temporary replacement of running with low-impact exercises in service members with midportion Achilles tendinopathy: a prospective cohort study.BMJ military health · 2026Article
102 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pathogenesis of tendinopathy and the primary biological change in the tendon that precipitates pathology have generated several pathoaetiological models in the literature. The continuum model of tendon pathology, proposed in 2009, synthesised clinical and laboratory-based research to guide treatment choices for the clinical presentations of tendinopathy. While the continuum has been cited extensively in the literature, its clinical utility has yet to be fully elucidated. The continuum model proposed a model for staging tendinopathy based on the changes and distribution of disorganisation within the tendon. However, classifying tendinopathy based on structure in what is primarily a pain condition has been challenged. The interplay between structure, pain and function is not yet fully understood, which has partly contributed to the complex clinical picture of tendinopathy. Here we revisit and assess the merit of the continuum model in the context of new evidence. We (1) summarise new evidence in tendinopathy research in the context of the continuum, (2) discuss tendon pain and the relevance of a model based on structure and (3) describe relevant clinical elements (pain, function and structure) to begin to build a better understanding of the condition. Our goal is that the continuum model may help guide targeted treatments and improved patient outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.