ArticleAIDS (London, England)2016
HIV-1 is undetectable in preejaculatory secretions from HIV-1-infected men on suppressive HAART.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contemporary antiretroviral pharmacology in the male genital tract: implications for HIV treatment and prevention.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Review
- More than a Gender Issue: Testis as a Distinctive HIV Reservoir and Its Implication for Viral Eradication.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Cost-effectiveness of preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention for conception in the United States.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Seminal Simian Immunodeficiency Virus in Chronically Infected Cynomolgus Macaques Is Dominated by Virus Originating from Multiple Genital Organs.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy to Prevent HIV Transmission to Women in Couples Attempting Conception When the Man Has HIV Infection - United States, 2017.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePreejaculatory fluid, a viscous, lubricating secretion expressed by penile urethral glands during sexual excitement, may play a role in the sexual transmission of HIV-1. The urethra has been shown to be an important site of HIV infection in men and male macaques, and preejaculatory fluid and urethral swabs from HIV-1-infected men often contain HIV. Recent studies have shown that HAART reduces but does not eliminate seminal HIV shedding in infected men, and that the penile urethra remains a site of persistent simian immunodeficiency virus infection in HAART-treated macaques. The objective of this study was to determine whether HIV-infected men on stable HAART continue to shed HIV into preejaculatory secretions.
designSingle-center prospective study.
methodsSixty HIV-infected men on HAART were recruited to provide preejaculatory fluid, semen, and blood for HIV RNA quantification by reverse transcription-PCR.
resultsEight men had detectable HIV in blood; of these four had HIV in semen (range: 40-96 000 copies/ml), and one had HIV in preejaculate (2400 copies/sample). Fifty-two men had undetectable HIV RNA in blood; of these 10 (19.2%) had HIV RNA in semen (range: 59-800 copies/ml) whereas none (0%) had HIV RNA in preejaculate (P = 0.004).
conclusionsThis study documents for the first time high levels of HIV RNA in preejaculate fluid. However, none of the men on stable HAART with undetectable blood viral load had HIV RNA in preejaculate, even though many had detectable HIV in semen. The urethral glands do not appear to be a principal source of HIV in men on suppressive HAART.
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