ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2016
Behavioral Abnormalities in a Mouse Model of Chronic Toxoplasmosis Are Associated with MAG1 Antibody Levels and Cyst Burden.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of variation in Toxoplasma gondii cyst burden in the murine model.Experimental parasitology · 2019Pooled it
- Article
- Blockade of Tim-3 pathway in a mouse model of Toxoplasmosis: impact on brain leukocyte infiltration, parasite burden, and neuroinflammation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Toxoplasma gondii as a drug for anti-tumor immunotherapy: mechanisms, challenges, and perspectives.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2026Review
- Adrenergic signaling during parasitic infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Contrasting Disease Progression, Microglia Reactivity, Tolerance, and Resistance toBiomedicines · 2024Article
- Imiquimod Reverses Chronic Toxoplasmosis-Associated Behavioral and Neurocognitive Anomalies in a Rat Model.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Effective factors in the pathogenesis ofHeliyon · 2024Review
- Elevated matrix Metalloproteinase-9 associated with reduced cerebellar perineuronal nets in female mice with toxoplasmosis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Toxoplasma-induced behavior changes - is microbial dysbiosis the missing link?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1 pathway alleviates neuroinflammation caused by chronic Toxoplasma infection.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Behavioral Changes Induced by Latent Toxoplasmosis Could Arise from CNS Inflammation and Neuropathogenesis.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Toxoplasmosis: Targeting neurotransmitter systems in psychiatric disorders.Metabolic brain disease · 2022Review
- Serological Responses to Toxoplasma gondii and Matrix Antigen 1 Predict the Risk of Subsequent Toxoplasmic Encephalitis in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Behavioral biology of Toxoplasma gondii infection.Parasites & vectors · 2021Review
- Evaluation of the Tyrosine and Dopamine Serum Levels in Experimental Infected BALB/c Mice with Chronic Toxoplasmosis.Journal of parasitology research · 2021Article
- Urolithin-A attenuates neurotoxoplasmosis and alters innate response towards predator odor.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
- Neuroinflammation-Associated Aspecific Manipulation of Mouse Predator Fear by Toxoplasma gondii.Cell reports · 2020Article
- PersistentInfection and immunity · 2019Article
- The One Health Approach to Toxoplasmosis: Epidemiology, Control, and Prevention Strategies.EcoHealth · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There is marked variation in the human response to Toxoplasma gondii infection. Epidemiological studies indicate associations between strain virulence and severity of toxoplasmosis. Animal studies on the pathogenic effect of chronic infection focused on relatively avirulent strains (e.g. type II) because they can easily establish latent infections in mice, defined by the presence of bradyzoite-containing cysts. To provide insight into virulent strain-related severity of human toxoplasmosis, we established a chronic model of the virulent type I strain using outbred mice. We found that type I-exposed mice displayed variable outcomes ranging from aborted to severe infections. According to antibody profiles, we found that most of mice generated antibodies against T. gondii organism but varied greatly in the production of antibodies against matrix antigen MAG1. There was a strong correlation between MAG1 antibody level and brain cyst burden in chronically infected mice (r = 0.82, p = 0.0021). We found that mice with high MAG1 antibody level displayed lower weight, behavioral changes, altered levels of gene expression and immune activation. The most striking change in behavior we discovered was a blunted response to amphetamine-trigged locomotor activity. The extent of most changes was directly correlated with levels of MAG1 antibody. These changes were not found in mice with less cyst burden or mice that were acutely but not chronically infected. Our finding highlights the critical role of cyst burden in a range of disease severity during chronic infection, the predictive value of MAG1 antibody level to brain cyst burden and to changes in behavior or other pathology in chronically infected mice. Our finding may have important implications for understanding the heterogeneous effects of T. gondii infections in human.
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