Observational studyMedicine2016
Associations Between Sleep Quality and Migraine Frequency: A Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study.
Observational study in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep macro- and microstructure in migraine and cluster headache: a systematic review of objective assessments.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Pooled it
- Disrupting the clock: meta-analysis of irregular night shifts and migraine, proposing shift work migraine disorder with chronobiology strategies.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of differences in sleep quality based on actigraphs between day and night shift workers and the moderating effect of age.Journal of occupational health · 2021Pooled it
- Migraine and sleep disorders: a systematic review.The journal of headache and pain · 2020Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome in Patients with Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pain research & management · 2020Pooled it
- The Relationship between Infant Colic and Migraine as well as Tension-Type Headache: A Meta-Analysis.Pain research & management · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Sleep Disorders in Medication-Overuse Headache: Prevalence and Associated Factors.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Sleep quality and chronotype in primary headache disorders: a nationwide population-based study of 5,311 Polish adults.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- The Therapeutic Home Environment for Chronic Diseases: A Transdisciplinary Ecosystem for Achieving Migraine Freedom and Managing Comorbid Anxiety, Insomnia, and Chronic Pain.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Insomnia severity in migraine: The role of headache frequency, aura status, and comorbidities-A cross-sectional study.Headache · 2026Article
- Clinical and psychological predictors of sleep quality in chronic migraine: a preliminary retrospective analysis study.BMC neurology · 2025Observational
- Assessment of sleep patterns in migraine sufferers using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Article
- Uncovering the potential of smartphones for behavior monitoring during migraine follow-up.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- Household fuel use and migraine among Chinese adults aged 45 years and older: The modifying effects of sleep.PloS one · 2025Article
- Evaluation of The Impact of Hypocretin Receptor 1 rs2271933 Polymorphism on Sleep Components in Chronic Migraine Patients with Poor Sleep Quality: A Subgroup Analysis.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2025Article
- The Glymphatic System and its Relationship to Migraine.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2024Review
- The association of comorbidities with sleep quality among Australians with multiple sclerosis: Insights from the Australian Multiple Sclerosis Longitudinal Study.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Article
- Poor healthy lifestyle and life's essential 8 are associated with higher risk of new-onset migraine: a prospective cohort study.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Migraine has been associated with sleep disturbances. Relationship between sleep quality and migraine frequency is yet to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate sleep disturbances among low-frequency, moderate-frequency, high-frequency, and chronic migraineurs, with and without auras, with well-controlled confounding variables.This cross-sectional controlled study included 357 subjects from an outpatient headache clinic in Taiwan. Standardized questionnaires were utilized to collect demographic, migraine, sleep, depression, anxiety, and restless leg syndrome characteristics in all participants. According to frequency of migraine attacks, patients were divided into 4 groups: with 1 to 4 migraine days per month, 5 to 8 migraine days in a month, 9 to 14 migraine days in a month, and >14 migraine days per month. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and subgroup items were used to evaluate sleep quality. The association between migraine frequency and sleep quality was investigated using multivariable linear regression and logistic regression.The PSQI total score was highest in patients with high frequent migraine (10.0 ± 3.4) and lowest in controls (7.0 ± 3.4) with a significant trend analysis (P for trend = 0.006). Migraine frequency had an independent effect on the items "Cannot get to sleep within 30 minutes" (P < 0.001), "Wake up in the middle of the night or early morning" (P < 0.001), "Bad dreams" (P = 0.001), "Pain" (P = 0.004), and "Quality of sleep" (P < 0.001). The result showed the effect of migraine frequency in both the aura-present (P for trend = 0.008) and the aura-absent subgroups (P for trend = 0.011).High migraine frequency correlates with poor sleep quality and a higher prevalence of poor sleepers. These associations occur in migraine with aura and without aura.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.