ReviewHeart (British Cardiac Society)2016
Distinguishing ventricular septal bulge versus hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the elderly.
Review in Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Takotsubo syndrome in the setting of cardiac pacing: A review of mechanistic and clinical perspectives.Heart failure reviews · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Ambiguity in Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Case-Based Insights and Review of Evolving Criteria.JACC. Case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Perioperative anaphylaxis: an update on pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2025Review
- 2025 Expert Consensus Recommendations for the Diagnostic Requirements in Routine Practices of Transthoracic Echocardiography.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Definitional Challenges in Understanding Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Assessment of the Aorto-Septal Angle Post-Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair through Segmentation and the Semi-Automatic Analysis of Cardiosynchronized Computed Tomography Angiography Images.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Article
- Optimal left ventricular diameter measurement in subjects with sigmoid septum: comparison with three-dimensional left ventricular volume.Journal of echocardiography · 2024Article
- Revisiting Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Current Practice and Novel Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Diagnosis and Management.Vascular health and risk management · 2023Review
- Outcomes of Septal Myectomy beyond 65 Years, with and without Concomitant Procedures.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Elderly Individuals: Is It a Rose by Another Name?Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- Subendocardial stress in pre-eclampsia.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2021Article
- Temporal Trend of Age at Diagnosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: An Analysis of the International Sarcomeric Human Cardiomyopathy Registry.Circulation. Heart failure · 2020Article
- The role of echocardiography in management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Journal of echocardiography · 2020Review
- Ventricular Arrhythmia in Septal and Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: The French-Canadian Experience.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2020Article
- Radiomic Analysis of Myocardial Native TJACC. Cardiovascular imaging · 2019Article
- Right ventricular basal inflow and outflow tract diameters overestimate right ventricular size in subjects with sigmoid-shaped interventricular septum: a study using three-dimensional echocardiography.The international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2019Observational
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an updated review on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.Heart failure reviews · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The burgeoning evidence of patients diagnosed with sigmoidal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) later in life has revived the quest for distinctive features that may help discriminate it from more benign forms of isolated septal hypertrophy often labelled ventricular septal bulge (VSB). HCM is diagnosed less frequently than VSB at older ages, with a reversed female predominance. Most patients diagnosed with HCM at older ages suffer from hypertension, similar to those with VSB. A positive family history of HCM and/or sudden cardiac death and the presence of exertional symptoms usually support HCM, though they are less likely in older patients with HCM, and poorly investigated in individuals with VSB. A more severe hypertrophy and the presence of left ventricular outflow obstruction are considered diagnostic of HCM, though stress echocardiography has not been consistently used in VSB. Mitral annulus calcification is very prevalent in both conditions, whereas a restrictive filling pattern is found in a minority of older patients with HCM. Genetic testing has low applicability in this differential diagnosis at the current time, given that a causative mutation is found in less than 10% of elderly patients with suspected HCM. Emerging imaging modalities that allow non-invasive detection of myocardial fibrosis and disarray may help, but have not been fully investigated. Nonetheless, there remains a considerable morphological overlap between the two conditions. Comprehensive studies, particularly imaging based, are warranted to offer a more evidence-based approach to elderly patients with focal septal thickening.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.