ArticleScientific reports2016
The estrogenicity of methylparaben and ethylparaben at doses close to the acceptable daily intake in immature Sprague-Dawley rats.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Paraben exposures and satiety hormones in preschool children: an ENVIRONAGE study.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Young infants' exposure to parabens: lotion use as a potential source of exposure.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Oestrogenic and androgenic activity of oxybenzone and methylparabenArhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju · 2025Article
- EndoCompass Project: Environmental Endocrinology.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025Review
- Prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and fetal growth across pregnancy in the LIFECODES fetal growth study.Environment international · 2024Article
- Impact of Paraben Exposure on Adiposity-Related Measures: An Updated Literature Review of Population-Based Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Identifying potential paraben transformation products and evaluating changes in toxicity as a result of transformation.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2022Review
- Minireview: Parabens Exposure and Breast Cancer.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Impact of chronic sub-lethal methylparaben exposure on cardiac hypoxia and alterations in neuroendocrine factors in zebrafish model.Molecular biology reports · 2022Article
- Determination of Intact Parabens in the Human Plasma of Cancer and Non-Cancer Patients Using a Validated Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Method with UV Detection.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Use of skincare products and risk of cancer of the breast and endometrium: a prospective cohort study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2019Article
- Traces of intact paraben molecules in endometrial carcinoma.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Urinary concentrations of environmental phenols and their associations with breast cancer incidence and mortality following breast cancer.Environment international · 2019Article
- Homology models of mouse and rat estrogen receptor-Computational toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2019Article
- Exposure to bisphenol A, chlorophenols, benzophenones, and parabens in relation to reproductive hormones in healthy women: A chemical mixture approach.Environment international · 2018Article
- Intra NasalThe open medicinal chemistry journal · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The estrogenicity of parabens at human exposure levels has become a focus of concern due to the debate over whether the estrogenicity of parabens is strong enough to play a role in the increased incidence of breast cancer. In this study, the uterotrophic activities of methylparaben (MP) and ethylparaben (EP) at doses close to the acceptable daily intake as allocated by JECFA were demonstrated in immature Sprague-Dawley rats by intragastric administration, and up-regulations of estrogen-responsive biomarker genes were found in uteri of the rats by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (Q-RT-PCR). At the same time, the urinary concentrations of MP and EP, as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in rats that received the same doses of MP and EP, were found to be near the high urinary levels reported in human populations in recent years. These results show the in vivo estrogenicity of MP and EP at human exposure levels, and indicate that populations exposed to large amounts of MP and EP may have a high burden of estrogenicity-related diseases. In addition, a molecular docking simulation showed interaction between the parabens and the agonist-binding pocket of human estrogen receptor α (hERα).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.