ArticleRetrovirology2016
Absolute quantification of HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ) protein and its plasma antibody in HTLV-1 infected individuals with different clinical status.
Article in Retrovirology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dysregulation of the tumor suppressor Menin and its target Bach2 in HTLV-1 infection.Retrovirology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of ALKBH2 and ALKBH3 gene regulation in patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Preclinical assessment of an anti-HTLV-1 heterologous DNA/MVA vaccine protocol expressing a multiepitope HBZ protein.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Understanding the Immunopathology of HTLV-1-Associated Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: A Comprehensive Review.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Mechanisms of Innate Immune Sensing of HTLV-1 and Viral Immune Evasion.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A protective role of HTLV-1 gp46-specific neutralizing and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity-inducing antibodies in progression to adult T-cell leukemia (ATL).Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- A Pilot Study of the Humoral Response Against the AntiSense Protein (ASP) in HIV-1-Infected Patients.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Immunopathogenesis and Cellular Interactions in Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Diversity of cell phenotypes among MT-2 cell lines affects the growth of U937 cells and cytokine production.Human cell · 2019Article
- HTLV-1 HBZ Protein Resides Exclusively in the Cytoplasm of Infected Cells in Asymptomatic Carriers and HAM/TSP Patients.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Distinct gene expression signatures induced by viral transactivators of different HTLV-1 subgroups that confer a different risk of HAM/TSP.Retrovirology · 2018Article
- HTLV-1: Regulating the Balance Between Proviral Latency and Reactivation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- HTLV-1 bZIP factor suppresses TDP1 expression through inhibition of NRF-1 in adult T-cell leukemia.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Article
- Evaluation of the role ofBlood research · 2017Article
- Role of HTLV-1 Tax and HBZ in the Pathogenesis of HAM/TSP.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
- How Does HTLV-1 Undergo Oncogene-Dependent Replication Despite a Strong Immune Response?Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- HTLV-1 HBZ Viral Protein: A Key Player in HTLV-1 Mediated Diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Single-cell heterogeneity and cell-cycle-related viral gene bursts in the human leukaemia virus HTLV-1.Wellcome open research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHuman T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) basic leucine zipper factor (HBZ), which is encoded by a minus strand mRNA, is thought to play important roles in the development of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). However, a comprehensive analysis of HBZ, including mRNA and protein expression, humoral immunoreactivity against HBZ, and HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL), in HTLV-1-infected individuals with different clinical status has not been reported previously.
resultsIn this study, using novel monoclonal antibody-based in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay systems, we report the absolute quantification of HBZ protein and its plasma antibody in clinical samples from HTLV-1-infected individuals with different clinical status. The data were compared to both HBZ mRNA levels and PVL. The results showed that plasma anti-HBZ antibody was detectable only in 10.4 % (5/48) of asymptomatic carriers (ACs), 10.8 % (13/120) of HAM/TSP patients, and 16.7 % (7/42) of ATL patients. HBZ protein was detected in three out of five patients with acute ATL, but was not detected in patients with HAM/TSP (0/10) or ACs (0/4). Thus, an antibody response to HBZ was not associated with the PVL or the expression of HBZ (both at the mRNA and protein levels) or the clinical status of the infection.
conclusionsThe present results emphasize the extremely low expression and immunogenicity of HBZ in natural HTLV-1 infection. However, there is a possibility that the low but distinct expression of HBZ protein in PBMCs is associated with the survival of HTLV-1-infected cells and the development of ATL.
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