ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2016
Linear Growth Faltering Among HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of maternal vitamin DTrials · 2017Trial
- Caregiver burden experienced by mothers of infants who are HIV exposed uninfected compared to infants HIV unexposed: A prospective cohort study in Worcester, South Africa.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2026Article
- The impact of dolutegravir on the growth of HIV-exposed uninfected infants: an observational cohort study in rural Tanzania.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Trajectories of Growth and Development in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children from a Long-Term Birth Cohort - 8 Regions, 3 PLADs, China, 2017-2024.China CDC weekly · 2026Article
- Prevalence of undernutrition among children on anti-retroviral therapy at comprehensive specialized hospital: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
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- Growth, infection, and humoral immunity in children who are HIV exposed and uninfected.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Differences in growth trajectories in breastfed HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed infants in Kenya: An observational cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2025Observational
- Birth weight mediates the association of maternal undernutrition with child undernutrition prevalence in West Africa.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Stunting among a High-Risk Population of Kenyan Children Recently Hospitalized for Acute Illnesses.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Associations Between Social Support and Symptoms of Antenatal Depression with Infant Growth and Development Among Mothers Living with HIV in Tanzania.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Neurodevelopment among children exposed to HIV and uninfected in sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Assessing environmental enteric dysfunction via multiplex assay and its relation to growth and development among HIV-exposed uninfected Tanzanian infants.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Kermanshah, west of Iran from 2014 to 2021.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Risk factors for stunting in children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected after Option B+ implementation in Malawi.Maternal & child nutrition · 2023Article
- Body Composition Trajectories During the First 23 Months of Life Differ by HIV Exposure Among Infants in Western Kenya: A Prospective Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Growth patterns of infants with in- utero HIV and ARV exposure in Cape Town, South Africa and Lusaka, Zambia.BMC public health · 2022Observational
- No Difference in Growth Outcomes up to 24 Months of Age by Duration of Exposure to Maternal Antiretroviral Therapy Among Children Who Are HIV-Exposed and Uninfected in Malawi.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Mortality, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Transmission, and Growth in Children Exposed to HIV in Rural Zimbabwe.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children experience increased mortality compared with their HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) peers. It is unclear whether HEU children are also at increased risk for undernutrition, a modifiable risk factor for mortality.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, population-based survey of children <5 years of age in 5 health districts in Botswana. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess continuous outcomes, and generalized estimating equations were used to estimate relative risks of stunting, wasting, and underweight between HEU (n = 396) and HUU (n = 1109) children. Secondary analyses examined potential mediation by low birth weight.
resultsThe association between maternal HIV exposure and child stunting varied significantly by child age (P < 0.01). HEU children <1 and ≥2 years of age had 1.85 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03 to 3.31; P = 0.04] and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.88; P = 0.02) times the risk of stunting compared with HUU children after multivariate adjustment, respectively. During the period of 1-2 years of age, when breastfeeding cessation occurred among HUU children, HUU children had increased risk of stunting compared with HEU children who were predominantly formula fed (relative risk: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.32; P = 0.03). A mediation analysis estimated that 67% of the excess risk of stunting among HEU children ≥2 years was attributable to low birth weight (P = 0.02). There was no difference in risk of wasting or underweight.
conclusionHEU children are at increased risk of stunting compared with their HUU peers; however, interventions to increase birth weight may significantly ameliorate this excess risk. Interventions to support optimal growth during weaning are needed for all breast-fed children.
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