ArticleImmunologic research2016
Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stromal cells-derived exosome.
Article in Immunologic research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 218 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
218 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 342 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and trend of stem cell therapy for diabetes: a comprehensive review based on knowledge visualization.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Antibacterial effects of human mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives: a systematic review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles in Preclinical Animal Models of Tumor Growth: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2022Pooled it
- Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in Osteogenesis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Donor Pooling as an Effective Method to Increase MSC EV Production Without Compromising Therapeutic Potential.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Vitiligo as a Failure of Immune Resolution and Tissue Regeneration: From Stress Signals to Targeted Immune Modulation.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Comparison of technologies for manufacturing extracellular vesicles for therapeutic applications.Trends in biotechnology · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation and autism: what have we learned so far?International journal of developmental disabilities · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles from glycolytic mesenchymal stromal cells restrain arthritis progression via IL-10-Producing T and B cells.Theranostics · 2026Article
- From pathogenesis to therapy: extracellular vesicles in osteoarthritis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Synergistic effects of tanshinone IIA and mesenchymal stem cells on neuroprotection, cardiovascular repair, tissue regeneration, muscle protein synthesis, and gut microbiota modulation across neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and regenerative disease models.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as immunomodulators: a novel paradigm for post-myocardial infarction repair and regeneration.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The roles and clinical applications of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes in hematologic diseases.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- The complicated relationship between inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Regenerative biologics modulating inflammation and promoting tenogenesis in equine superficial digital flexor tendonitis: from molecular pathways to clinical translation.Irish veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Therapeutic nanoparticle safety in pregnancy: Bridging knowledge gaps with environmental insights and a translational roadmap.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Review
- Exploring the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived secretomes in neonatal care: focus on BPD and NEC.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Unveiling the multifaceted roles of extracellular vesicles in cancer: insights from molecular imaging and engineering strategies.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2025Review
- Immunomodulatory and Regenerative Functions of MSC-Derived Exosomes in Bone Repair.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- From signaling pathways to clinical trials: mesenchymal stem cells as multimodal regenerative architects in liver cirrhosis therapy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
158 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying immunomodulatory ability of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) remain unknown. Recently, studies suggested that the immunomodulatory activity of MSCs is largely mediated by paracrine factors. Among which, exosome is considered to play a major role in the communication between MSCs and target tissue. The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of MSCs-derived exosome on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), especially T cells. We find that the MSCs-derived exosome extracted from healthy donors' bone marrow suppressed the secretion of pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α and IL-1β, but increased the concentration of anti-inflammatory factor TGF-β during in vitro culture. In addition, exosome may induce conversion of T helper type 1 (Th1) into T helper type 2 (Th2) cells and reduced potential of T cells to differentiate into interleukin 17-producing effector T cells (Th17). Moreover, the level of regulatory T cells (Treg) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 were also increased. These results suggested that MSC-derived exosome possesses the immunomodulatory properties. However, it showed no effects on the proliferation of PBMCs or CD3+ T cells, but increases the apoptosis of them. In addition, indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) was previously shown to mediate the immunoregulation of MSCs, which was increased in PBMCs co-cultured with MSCs. In our study, IDO showed no significant changes in PBMCs exposed to MSCs-derived exosome. We conclude that exosome and MSCs might differ in their immune-modulating activities and mechanisms.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.