Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27114979›Full record

ArticleIranian journal of public health2016

Interaction of Depression and Nicotine Addiction on the Severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Peian Lou, Peipei Chen, Pan Zhang, Jiaxi Yu, Yong Wang, Na Chen, Lei Zhang, Hongmin Wu, Jing Zhao

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC
In one paragraph

Article in Iranian journal of public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Observational
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Peian LouDept. of Control and Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Xuzhou Unit for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China.
Peipei ChenDept. of Control and Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Xuzhou Unit for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China.
Pan ZhangDept. of Control and Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Xuzhou Unit for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China.
Jiaxi YuDept. of Control and Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Xuzhou Unit for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China.
Yong WangDept. of Control and Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Xuzhou Unit for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China.
Na ChenDept. of Control and Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Xuzhou Unit for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China.
Lei ZhangDept. of Control and Prevention of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Xuzhou Unit for Disease Control and Prevention, Xuzhou, China.
Hongmin WuDept. of Respiratory Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou China.
Jing ZhaoDept. of Respiratory Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou China.
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention · CNXuzhou Medical College · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDepression and smoking decrease health status in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), but the combined effect of the two factors is unknown. This study aimed to assess the interactive effects of depression and smoking on the severity of patients with COPD.

methodsA prospective cohort study including 2,268 patients with COPD was conducted in seven rural communities from May 2008 to May 2012. The relationships between the BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity) index and depression and nicotine addiction were assessed. The product of depression and smoking was added to the logistic regression model to evaluate the multiplicative interaction and relative excess risk of interaction (RERI). The Attributable Proportion (AP) of interaction and the synergy index (S) was applied to evaluate the additive interaction of two factors.

resultsThe severity of COPD in patients with depressive symptoms who never smoked was increased 1.74-fold and in smoking patients it increased by 6.08-fold. Highly addicted smokers with depressive symptoms had a nearly 40-fold increase in severity (all P<0.001). The increased values of the BODE index, HADS-D and Fagerström score also correlated positively (P<0.001). The co-presence of depressive symptoms and smoking significantly increased the BODE index by 11.99-fold with significant biological interactions, relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) was 12.12, the biological interactions were increased with increasing nicotine addiction.

conclusionsPatients with depressive symptoms who also smoke have an increased risk of severity from COPD interaction effects. The risk for severity of COPD and depressive symptoms increased with increasing the severity of nicotine addiction.

Indexed as

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseDepressionSmoking

Identifiers

PMID27114979
PMCPMC4841869
OpenAlexW2276416051

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.