Trial reportJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2016
Multicentre comparison of a diagnostic assay: aquaporin-4 antibodies in neuromyelitis optica.
Trial report in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 163 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
163 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 289 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG Related Optic Neuritis-Prevalence, Optical Coherence Tomography Findings, and Visual Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab in Aquaporin-4 IgG-Positive NMOSD.Annals of neurology · 2021Trial
- Autoantibodies against Neurologic Antigens in Nonneurologic Autoimmunity.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Trial
- Case Report: Aquaporin-4-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Diagnostic Challenges and Transition From B-Cell Depletion Therapy to Ravulizumab.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Use of Fluid Biomarkers in NMOSD and MOGAD: Clinical and Research Applications.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Anti-CD320 Autoantibodies and Central Nervous System Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Idiopathic Myelopathy.JAMA neurology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Dried Plasma Spot-Based Quantification of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a Disease-Associated Biomarker in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- A practical alternative to live cell-based assay for AQP4 and MOG antibody detection.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Unmet needs in the care of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease: insights from Germany.Neurological research and practice · 2026Article
- Detection of Diagnostic Antibodies in Immune-Mediated Diseases: A Focus on Antigens and Technologies.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Review
- Novel methods for neural IgG characterization and validation in autoimmune neurologic disorders.Journal of immunological methods · 2026Review
- [Characterization of Immune Reconstitution Patterns in B-cell Subsets Mediated by B-cell Targeted Therapies].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Satralizumab in a Pregnant NMOSD Patient With AQP4/MOG-IgG Dual Seropositive: A Case Report.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Consistent Detection of Aquaporin-4 Antibodies: A Comparative Analysis Between Fixed and Live Cell-Based Assays.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Predictors for the severity of acute aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Ravulizumab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: first clinical experience in Chile.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Inflammatory transcriptomic signatures in a human cellular NMOSD model reveal upregulation of NF-κB and IL6 pathways.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Frequency of Seroconversion in Aquaporin-4 Antibody Testing: Insights From Real-World Data.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Article
103 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
45 authors at 20 institutions in 12 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAntibodies to cell surface central nervous system proteins help to diagnose conditions which often respond to immunotherapies. The assessment of antibody assays needs to reflect their clinical utility. We report the results of a multicentre study of aquaporin (AQP) 4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) assays in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD).
methodsCoded samples from patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) or NMOSD (101) and controls (92) were tested at 15 European diagnostic centres using 21 assays including live (n=3) or fixed cell-based assays (n=10), flow cytometry (n=4), immunohistochemistry (n=3) and ELISA (n=1).
resultsResults of tests on 92 controls identified 12assays as highly specific (0-1 false-positive results). 32 samples from 50 (64%) NMO sera and 34 from 51 (67%) NMOSD sera were positive on at least two of the 12 highly specific assays, leaving 35 patients with seronegative NMO/spectrum disorder (SD). On the basis of a combination of clinical phenotype and the highly specific assays, 66 AQP4-Ab seropositive samples were used to establish the sensitivities (51.5-100%) of all 21 assays. The specificities (85.8-100%) were based on 92 control samples and 35 seronegative NMO/SD patient samples.
conclusionsThe cell-based assays were most sensitive and specific overall, but immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry could be equally accurate in specialist centres. Since patients with AQP4-Ab negative NMO/SD require different management, the use of both appropriate control samples and defined seronegative NMOSD samples is essential to evaluate these assays in a clinically meaningful way. The process described here can be applied to the evaluation of other antibody assays in the newly evolving field of autoimmune neurology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.