ArticleTAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik2016
Development and characterization of a spring hexaploid wheat line with no functional VRN2 genes.
Article in TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- VERNALIZATION2 alters early tiller development in a facultative spring hexaploid bread wheat.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Optimizing wheat development to a range of winter climates.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Review
- Molecular genetic regulation of the vegetative-generative transition in wheat from an environmental perspective.Annals of botany · 2025Review
- Identification of robust yield quantitative trait loci derived from cultivated emmer for durum wheat improvement.The plant genome · 2025Article
- Epigenomic identification of vernalization cis-regulatory elements in winter wheat.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Allelic Variations in Vernalization (Genes · 2024Review
- Analysis of the Structural Organization and Expression of thePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Gene Mapping and Identification of a Missense Mutation in One Copy ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Allelic variations ofBreeding science · 2022Article
- Identification of QTLs for wheat heading time across multiple-environments.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2022Article
- MiR172-APETALA2-like genes integrate vernalization and plant age to control flowering time in wheat.PLoS genetics · 2022Article
- Overexpression ofFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Major flowering time genes of barley: allelic diversity, effects, and comparison with wheat.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2021Review
- WheatDevelopment (Cambridge, England) · 2019Article
- Article
- Altered Expression of anFrontiers in plant science · 2019Article
- The early flowering trait of an emmer wheat accession (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. dicoccum) is associated with the cis-element of the Vrn-A3 locus.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2018Article
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms in a regulatory site of VRN-A1 first intron are associated with differences in vernalization requirement in winter wheat.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2018Article
- Article
- Developmental Pathways Are Blueprints for Designing Successful Crops.Frontiers in plant science · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
key messageThe combination of three non-functional alleles of the flowering repressor VRN2 results in a spring growth habit in wheat. In temperate cereals with a winter growth habit, a prolonged exposure to low temperatures (vernalization) accelerates flowering. Before vernalization, the VRN2 locus plays a central role in maintaining flowering repression. Non-functional VRN2 alleles result in spring growth habit and are frequent in diploid wheat and barley. However, in hexaploid wheat, the effect of these non-functional VRN2 alleles is masked by gene redundancy. In this study, we developed a triple VRN2 mutant (synthetic vrn2-null) in hexaploid wheat by combining the non-functional VRN-A2 allele present in most polyploid wheats with a VRN-B2 deletion from tetraploid wheat, and a non-functional VRN-D2 allele from Aegilops tauschii (Ae. tauschii) (the donor of hexaploid wheat D genome). Non-vernalized vrn2-null plants flowered 118 days (P < 2.8E-07) earlier than the winter control, and showed a limited vernalization response. The functional VRN-B2 allele is expressed at higher levels than the functional VRN-D2 allele and showed a stronger repressive effect under partial vernalization (4 °C for 4 weeks), and also in non-vernalized plants carrying only a functional VRN-B2 or VRN-D2 in heterozygous state. These results suggest that different combinations of VRN-B2 and VRN-D2 alleles can be a used to modulate the vernalization response in regions with mild winters. Spring vrn2-null mutants have been selected repeatedly in diploid wheat and barley, suggesting that they may have an adaptative value and that may be useful in hexaploid wheat. Spring wheat breeders can use these new alleles to improve wheat adaptation to different or changing environments.
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