ArticleNature immunology2016
IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-12 control the fate of group 2 innate lymphoid cells in human airway inflammation in the lungs.
Article in Nature immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 271 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
271 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 446 citations in OpenAlex.
- T-bet: biological functions, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic applications: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Respiratory mucosal immunity: Biological functions, diseases, prevention and therapy.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Peripheral blood innate lymphoid cell profiles of patients with COPD reflect their clinical phenotype as identified by cluster analysis.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- A Single-Cell Transcriptional Landscape of Emphysema: Heterogeneous Cellular Dynamics in Centrilobular, Panlobular, and Paraseptal Subtypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Impacts of Environmental Pollutants on Innate Immunity: The Role of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Group 2 innate lymphoid cells: Where are we 15 years out?The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- IL-9 and Blimp-1 protect the transcriptional identity of group 2 innate lymphocytes in allergic asthma.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Cytokine-mediated, organ-specific immune modulation and dysregulation of innate lymphocytes in sepsis.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- The dual roles of natural killer cells in liver immunity and tolerance: Implications for health and disease.Hepatology communications · 2026Review
- Single-cell analysis of recruited ILC2 cell fate during transition from circulation to establishment of tissue residency.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- The context-dependent role of group 2 innate lymphoid cells in lung diseases.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2026Review
- Organ cross-talk: molecular mechanisms, biological functions, and therapeutic interventions for diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- A comprehensive mechanistic multicellular model of the human immune system spanning 11 diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The IL-33-ILC2 axis: a key regulator of type 2 immunity in respiratory disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Stem cell factor 248 shapes ILC2 transcriptional programs and promotes mucosal inflammation in allergic asthma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Soluble CD14 promotes Th17 expansion and differentiation through gamma-aminobutyric acid and expands infidel innate lymphoid cells.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- ILC plasticity in intestinal immune barrier remodeling: current evidence and therapeutic implications for inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Pleiotropic IL-9 Network in Asthma Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- The Expanding Role of ILC2s in Allergic Airways Disease.Allergy · 2026Review
211 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) secrete type 2 cytokines, which protect against parasites but can also contribute to a variety of inflammatory airway diseases. We report here that interleukin 1β (IL-1β) directly activated human ILC2s and that IL-12 induced the conversion of these activated ILC2s into interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing ILC1s, which was reversed by IL-4. The plasticity of ILCs was manifested in diseased tissues of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), which displayed IL-12 or IL-4 signatures and the accumulation of ILC1s or ILC2s, respectively. Eosinophils were a major cellular source of IL-4, which revealed cross-talk between IL-5-producing ILC2s and IL-4-producing eosinophils. We propose that IL-12 and IL-4 govern ILC2 functional identity and that their imbalance results in the perpetuation of type 1 or type 2 inflammation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.