ReviewNature reviews. Nephrology2016
TGF-β: the master regulator of fibrosis.
Review in Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05637216 (A Pilot Study of Losartan to Reduce Radiation Induced Fibrosis in Breast Cancer Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 2,058 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pilot Study of Losartan to Reduce Radiation Induced Fibrosis in Breast Cancer Patients
Who cites it
2,058 citing papers in PubMed, 3,352 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virtual screening and cellular validation of dolutegravir as a BRD9 inhibitor for attenuating pyroptosis in peritoneal mesothelial cells.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Esaxerenone attenuates renal injury by inhibiting NR3C2-mediated inflammatory and fibrotic pathways.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Xijiaqi Formula attenuates myocardial infarction-induced chronic heart failure by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smads-mediated fibroblast activation.Pharmaceutical biology · 2026Article
- Breaking the cycle of fibrosis: Ferroptosis as a therapeutic target (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- ALG10 Alleviates IBD-Related Intestinal Fibrosis by Modulating the TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- TGF-β1 Induced Methylation to Regulate SOCS3 Expression in Abnormal Activation of Vocal Fold Fibroblasts.World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026Article
- Effects of combination metformin and nintedanib therapy in a mouse model of irradiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis.Journal of radiation research · 2026Article
- Human trilayer engineered blood vessel reveals influence of fibroblasts on disease progression in model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria.Science advances · 2026Article
- From Genetic Variants to Immune Dysregulation: Multi-Omics Mendelian Randomization Decodes Molecular Networks in Rosacea.Annals of dermatology · 2026Article
- Macrophage FOXO1 Inhibition Protects Against Hyperglycaemia-Associated Kidney Injury.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- A practical toolbox for modelling fibrosis in vitro.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- T-Cell Remodeling in Renal Fibrosis: From Acute Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Integrated multi-omics reveals persistent extracellular matrix remodeling in chronic duck footpad dermatitis.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Galectin-3 Mediates TGF-β-Controlled Migration in Müller Glial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Systems biology framework for the rational design of operational conditions for in vitro/in vivo translation of tissue models.Science advances · 2026Article
- Cellular crosstalk of fibroblast-myofibroblast transition in intestinal homeostasis and disease.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Dual Roles of Autophagy in Endometrial Fibrosis and Its Implications in Age-Related Reproductive Dysfunction.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Review
- Cardiac fibroblast deletion of PTBP1 modulates the profibrotic response by alternative splicing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of regeneration and maladaptive repair in acute kidney injury.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Multimodal profiling establishes ovarian fibrosis as a measurable and targetable hallmark of human reproductive aging.Research square · 2026Article
1,998 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the primary factor that drives fibrosis in most, if not all, forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inhibition of the TGF-β isoform, TGF-β1, or its downstream signalling pathways substantially limits renal fibrosis in a wide range of disease models whereas overexpression of TGF-β1 induces renal fibrosis. TGF-β1 can induce renal fibrosis via activation of both canonical (Smad-based) and non-canonical (non-Smad-based) signalling pathways, which result in activation of myofibroblasts, excessive production of extracellular matrix (ECM) and inhibition of ECM degradation. The role of Smad proteins in the regulation of fibrosis is complex, with competing profibrotic and antifibrotic actions (including in the regulation of mesenchymal transitioning), and with complex interplay between TGF-β/Smads and other signalling pathways. Studies over the past 5 years have identified additional mechanisms that regulate the action of TGF-β1/Smad signalling in fibrosis, including short and long noncoding RNA molecules and epigenetic modifications of DNA and histone proteins. Although direct targeting of TGF-β1 is unlikely to yield a viable antifibrotic therapy due to the involvement of TGF-β1 in other processes, greater understanding of the various pathways by which TGF-β1 controls fibrosis has identified alternative targets for the development of novel therapeutics to halt this most damaging process in CKD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.