ArticlePloS one2016
Acanthamoeba spp. in Contact Lenses from Healthy Individuals from Madrid, Spain.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular identification and genotype distribution of Acanthamoeba in environmental water.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Parasitological and microbiological assessment of contact lens storage cases: a survey of asymptomatic lens student wearers from five medical specialties in Tunisia, North Africa.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Effects of electroporation on Acanthamoeba Polyphaga.PloS one · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of and Genetic Factors Associated withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Epidemiological profile of microbial keratitis in Alexandria-Egypt a 5 years retrospective study.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2023Article
- Clinical and molecular diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis in contact lens wearers in southern Brazil reveals the presence of an endosymbiont.Parasitology research · 2022Article
- Acanthamoeba keratitis in contact lens wearers in a tertiary center of Tunisia, North Africa.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2021Article
- Application of Dendrimers for Treating Parasitic Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Article
- Identification and Genotypic Characterization of Potentially Pathogenic Acanthamoeba Isolated from Tap Water in Wuxi, China.The Korean journal of parasitology · 2018Article
- Contact lens-related polymicrobial keratitis: Acanthamoeba spp. genotype T4 and Candida albicans.Parasitology research · 2018Article
- Application of modified JDP-DGGE-based molecular genotyping method to predict Acanthamoeba genotype and to analyse community diversity in aquatic environments.Parasitology research · 2018Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAcanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a painful and potentially blinding corneal infection caused by Acanthamoeba spp. In Madrid, environmental studies have demonstrated a high presence of these free-living amoebae in tap water. Since most of AK cases occur in contact lenses (CL) wearers with inadequate hygiene habits, the presence of Acanthamoeba in discarded CL has been studied and compared with other common etiological agents of keratitis, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.
methodsOne hundred and seventy-seven healthy individuals from Madrid contributed their discarded CL and answered a questionnaire on hygiene habits. DNA was extracted from the CL solution and analyzed by real-time PCR for Acanthamoeba, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. These CL and their solutions were also cultured on non-nutrient agar to isolate Acanthamoeba.
resultsAmong the 177 samples, Acanthamoeba DNA was detected in 87 (49.2%), P. aeruginosa DNA in 14 (7.9%) and S. aureus DNA in 19 (10.7%). Cultivable amoebae, however, were observed in only one sample (0.6%). This isolate was genotyped as T4. The habits reported by this CL owner included some recognized risk factors for AK, but in this study only the practice of "not cleaning the CL case" presented some statistical significant association with Acanthamoeba DNA presence. Detection of the investigated bacterial DNA did not demonstrate statistical significant association with the studied practices, but the presence of P. aeruginosa revealed a possible inhibition of Acanthamoeba in these samples.
conclusionsThe PCR results suggest a high presence of Acanthamoeba spp. in healthy CL wearers from Madrid, but we can assume that CL solutions are properly disinfecting the CL since only 1.1% of the positive PCR samples correspond to viable amoebae and, after four years, only one participant reported stronger ocular problems. Nevertheless, more studies are necessary to corroborate this hypothesis.
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