ReviewThe Journal of physiology2017
Microglia across the lifespan: from origin to function in brain development, plasticity and cognition.
Review in The Journal of physiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 304 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
304 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 558 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting TREM2 for Parkinson's Disease: Where to Go?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Immunoids: Building immunocompetent organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.Cell stem cell · 2026Review
- Infection control in the brain and the eye.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Review
- Alcohol drinking sex-dependently regulates interleukin-1 pro-inflammatory signaling in the prefrontal cortex of mice and rhesus macaques.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- MicroFace maps microglial morphology remodeling, revealing spatial zones and bifurcated trajectories during brain microinjury recovery.iScience · 2026Article
- TRPV1 Suppresses Microglial Inflammatory Activation to Ameliorate Schizophrenia-Associated Behaviors in Maternal Separation Rats.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Review
- Arsenic attenuates responsiveness to inflammatory stimuli in the SIM-A9 microglial cell line.Neurotoxicology · 2026Article
- From gut to brain: effects of fecal microbiota transplants from humans to rats on hippocampal gene regulation - a study on anorexia nervosa.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Microglial Innate Immune Memory: Implications and Research Advances in Central Nervous System Disorders.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation and NeuroHIV: understanding the role of HIV-1 related factors in microglial activation.Translational psychiatry · 2026Review
- Obstructive sleep apnea and seizures: pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications: a narrative review.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Review
- High-altitude hypoxia drives dentate gyrus neuronal vulnerability through an IL1α-astrocyte-SLC1A2 pathway.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Article
- MerTK-triggered TGFβ1 autocrine signal regulates microglial response to neurodegeneration.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The Influence of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Probiotics on Hippocampal Inflammation and Glial Cells in a Chronic Anorexia Nervosa Rat Model.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Engineering a Perfusion Bioreactor System for hiPSC-Derived Progenitor Co-Culture Capturing Microglial Features in CNS Development.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2026Article
- Microglial Maturation and Functional Heterogeneity: Mechanistic Links to Neurodevelopmental Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Diverse Effect of HDAC Inhibitors: Sodium Butyrate and Givinostat on Microglia Polarization After Hypoxia-Ischemia In Vitro.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
244 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microglia are the only immune cells that permanently reside in the central nervous system (CNS) alongside neurons and other types of glial cells. The past decade has witnessed a revolution in our understanding of their roles during normal physiological conditions. Cutting-edge techniques revealed that these resident immune cells are critical for proper brain development, actively maintain health in the mature brain, and rapidly adapt their function to physiological or pathophysiological needs. In this review, we highlight recent studies on microglial origin (from the embryonic yolk sac) and the factors regulating their differentiation and homeostasis upon brain invasion. Elegant experiments tracking microglia in the CNS allowed studies of their unique roles compared with other types of resident macrophages. Here we review the emerging roles of microglia in brain development, plasticity and cognition, and discuss the implications of the depletion or dysfunction of microglia for our understanding of disease pathogenesis. Immune activation, inflammation and various other conditions resulting in undesirable microglial activity at different stages of life could severely impair learning, memory and other essential cognitive functions. The diversity of microglial phenotypes across the lifespan, between compartments of the CNS, and sexes, as well as their crosstalk with the body and external environment, is also emphasised. Understanding what defines particular microglial phenotypes is of major importance for future development of innovative therapies controlling their effector functions, with consequences for cognition across chronic stress, ageing, neuropsychiatric and neurological diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.