Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27103765›Full record

ArticleEthnicity & disease2016

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Relation to All-Cause, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Mortality in the Black Women's Health Study.

Traci N Bethea, Julie R Palmer, Lynn Rosenberg, Yvette C Cozier

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ethnicity & disease, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Association of neighborhood economic trajectories and risk of mortality among older adults.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026
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  5. Review
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  11. New Hypertension After Pregnancy in Patients With Heart Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023
    Article
  12. Vitamin D and risk of hypertension among Black women.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
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  17. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Traci N BetheaSlone Epidemiology Center at Boston University.
Julie R PalmerSlone Epidemiology Center at Boston University.
Lynn RosenbergSlone Epidemiology Center at Boston University.
Yvette C CozierSlone Epidemiology Center at Boston University.

Funding

FOLLOW-UP STUDY FOR CAUSES OF ILLNESS IN BLACK WOMENR01CA058420 · NCI · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI ROSENBERG, LYNN · 1999 to 2013
$20.7M
A Follow-up Study for Causes of Cancer in Black WomenUM1CA164974 · NCI · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI ROSENBERG, LYNN · 2012 to 2017
$13.7M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA058420NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA164974
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNeighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with adverse health outcomes, but longitudinal data among Black Americans, who tend to live in more deprived neighborhoods, is lacking.

objectiveWe prospectively assessed the relation of neighborhood SES to mortality in the Black Women's Health Study.

designA prospective cohort of 59,000 Black women was followed from 1995-2011. Participant addresses were geocoded and US Census block group was identified. Neighborhood SES was measured by a score based on US Census block group data for six indicators of income, education and wealth.

main outcome measuresDeaths were identified through the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs with control for covariates.

resultsBased on 2,598 deaths during 1995-2011, lower neighborhood SES was associated with increased all-cause and cancer mortality irrespective of individual education: among those with 16 or more years of education, HRs for lowest relative to highest neighborhood SES quartile were 1.42 (95% CI 1.18-1.71) for all-cause and 1.54 (95% CI 1.14-2.07) for cancer mortality. Neighborhood SES was associated with cardiovascular mortality among less-educated women.

conclusionsLower neighborhood SES is associated with greater risk of mortality among Black women. The presence of the association even among women with high levels of education suggests that individual SES may not overcome the unfavorable influence of neighborhood deprivation.

Indexed as

Social ClassAgedBlack or African AmericanCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleHumansIncomeMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesResidence CharacteristicsSocioeconomic FactorsWomen's HealthAfrican AmericansLongitudinal StudiesMortalityResidence CharacteristicsSocioeconomic Factors

Identifiers

PMID27103765
PMCPMC4836895

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.