ReviewOncotarget2016
Kirsten Ras* oncogene: significance of its discovery in human cancer research.
Review in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Imaging in Pancreatic Cancer: Current Applications and Future Perspectives.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- KRAS Inhibition in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- RAF isoform selectivity of MEK inhibitors and rational design of a covalent ARAF-MEK inhibitor.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- [Advances in Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy of KRASG12C Mutant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025Review
- Jet lag-induced circadian disruption elevates glioma risk by altering molecular profiles in distinct brain regions.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Differential Response and Resistance to KRAS-Targeted Therapy.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2025Review
- KRAS/NRAS/BRAF mutational profile and association with clinicopathological characteristics in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Exploring the Genetic Orchestra of Cancer: The Interplay Between Oncogenes and Tumor-Suppressor Genes.Cancers · 2025Review
- "Undruggable KRAS": druggable after all.Genes & development · 2025Review
- Fuel for thought: targeting metabolism in lung cancer.Translational lung cancer research · 2024Review
- Review
- Primary Cardiac Intimal Sarcoma: Multi-Layered Strategy and Core Role ofDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Regulation of Ras p21 and RalA GTPases activity by quinine in mammary epithelial cells.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Article
- Synergistic anti-tumor activity, reduced pERK, and immuno-stimulatory cytokine profiles with 5-FU or ONC212 plus KRAS G12D inhibitor MRTX1133 in CRC and pancreatic cancer cells independent of G12D mutation.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Changes in cell morphology and function induced by the NRAS Q61R mutation in lymphatic endothelial cells.PloS one · 2024Article
- Nucleic Acid-Based Approaches to Tackle KRAS Mutant Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Developments in targeted therapy & immunotherapy-how non-small cell lung cancer management will change in the next decade: a narrative review.Annals of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The KRAS/ K-RAS oncogene is crucially involved in human cancer. The term "oncogene" -- i.e., a gene able to transform a normal cell into a tumor cell - was introduced in 1969, but the word was not used in the human carcinogenesis literature until much later. Transforming Kras and Hras oncogenes from the Kirsten and Harvey sarcoma viruses were not identified until the early 1980s due to the complicated structures of the viral genomes. Orthologs of these viral oncogenes were then found in transforming DNA fragments in human cancers in the form of mutated versions of the HRAS and KRAS proto-oncogenes. Thus, RAS genes were the first human oncogenes to be identified. Subsequent studies showed that mutated KRAS acted as an in vivo oncogenic driver, as indicated by studies of anti-EGFR therapy for metastatic colorectal cancers. This review addresses the historical background and experimental studies that led to the discovery of Kirsten Ras as an oncogene, the role of mutated KRAS in human carcinogenesis, and recent therapeutic studies of cancer cells with KRAS mutations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.