ArticleGlobal heart2016
The Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and CV Risk Factors: The CRONICAS Cohort Study of Peruvian Adults.
Article in Global heart, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and Predictors of Obesity and Overweight among Adults Visiting Primary Care Settings in the Southwestern Region, Saudi Arabia.BioMed research international · 2019Trial
- Multimorbidity patterns, sociodemographic characteristics, and mortality: Data science insights from low-resource settings.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Impact of socioeconomic status on obesity in older adults: the suppressive effect of social support and sleep quality.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Polymorphic and Expressional Analysis of GenesInternational journal of hypertension · 2025Article
- A comprehensive analysis of cardiovascular mortality trends in Peru from 2017 to 2022: Insights from 183,386 deaths of the national death registry.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2023Article
- Article
- Risk factor contributions to socioeconomic inequality in cardiovascular risk in the Philippines: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative survey data.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Assessing the effect of socioeconomic factors on prevalence of dyslipidemia among iranian adult population; district level analysis from 2016 STEPS national study using small area estimation.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2022Article
- Association between socioeconomic level and cardiovascular risk in the Peruvian population.Revista de saude publica · 2022Article
- A Structural Equation Modelling Approach to Examine the Relationship between Socioeconomic Status, Diet Quality and Dyslipidaemia in South African Children and Adolescents, 6-18 Years.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Socioeconomic Determinants of Diet Quality on Overweight and Obesity in Adults Aged 40-59 Years in Inner Mongolia: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of public health · 2021Article
- Socioeconomic determinants of hypertension and prehypertension in Peru: Evidence from the Peruvian Demographic and Health Survey.PloS one · 2021Article
- Indoor air pollution concentrations and cardiometabolic health across four diverse settings in Peru: a cross-sectional study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2020Article
- Differences in magnitude and rates of change in BMI distributions by socioeconomic and geographic factors in Mexico, Colombia, and Peru, 2005-2010.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Article
- Metrics of Ideal Cardiovascular Health are Unequally Distributed between Peruvian Men and Women: Analysis of a National Population-Based Survey in 2017.International journal of preventive medicine · 2020Article
- Childhood Maternal School Leaving Age (Level of Education) and Risk Markers of Metabolic Syndrome in Mid-Adulthood: Results from the 1958 British Birth Cohort.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2020Article
- Article
- Underpinnings of entangled ethnical and gender inequalities in obesity in Cochabamba-Bolivia: an intersectional approach.International journal for equity in health · 2019Article
- Urbanization and Socioeconomic Disparities in Hypertension among Older Adult Women in Sudan.Annals of global health · 2019Article
- Association between life-course socio-economic status and prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk ractors in five middle-income countries.Journal of global health · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVariations in the distribution of cardiovascular disease and risk factors by socioeconomic status (SES) have been described in affluent societies, yet a better understanding of these patterns is needed for most low- and middle-income countries.
objectiveThis study sought to describe the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and SES using monthly family income, educational attainment, and assets index, in 4 Peruvian sites.
methodsBaseline data from an age- and sex-stratified random sample of participants, ages ≥35 years, from 4 Peruvian sites (CRONICAS Cohort Study, 2010) were used. The SES indicators considered were monthly family income (n = 3,220), educational attainment (n = 3,598), and assets index (n = 3,601). Behavioral risk factors included current tobacco use, alcohol drinking, physical activity, daily intake of fruits and vegetables, and no control of salt intake. Cardiometabolic risk factors included obesity, elevated waist circumference, hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high triglyceride levels.
resultsIn the overall population, 41.6% reported a monthly family income <US$198, and 45.6% had none or primary education. Important differences were noted between the socioeconomic indicators: for example, higher income and higher scores on an asset index were associated with greater risk of obesity, whereas higher levels of education were associated with lower risk of obesity. In contrast, higher SES according to all 3 indicators was associated with higher levels of triglycerides.
conclusionsThe association between SES and cardiometabolic risk factors varies depending on the SES indicator used. These results highlight the need to contextualize risk factors by socioeconomic groups in Latin American settings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.