ArticleParasites & vectors2016
The sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis LL5 embryonic cell line has active Toll and Imd pathways and shows immune responses to bacteria, yeast and Leishmania.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune-mediated microbial interference governsiScience · 2026Article
- Insect immune systems: same same but different but still same.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Proteomics analysis of soluble secreted proteins ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Azadirachtin disrupts ecdysone signaling and alters sand fly immunity.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial peptide-based strategies to overcome antimicrobial resistance.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- The complexities of blood-feeding patterns in mosquitoes and sandflies and the burden of disease: A minireview.Veterinary medicine and science · 2024Review
- Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Interactions between Leishmania parasite and sandfly: a review.Parasitology research · 2023Review
- RNAi-mediated gene silencing ofFrontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Evidence of a conserved mammalian immunosuppression mechanism inFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Host-Parasite Interactions: Regulation of Leishmania Infection in Sand Fly.Acta parasitologica · 2022Review
- The effect of the sugar metabolism on Leishmania infantum promastigotes inside the gut of Lutzomyia longipalpis: A sweet relationship?PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
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- Antimicrobial peptides: mechanism of action, activity and clinical potential.Military Medical Research · 2021Review
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- The Phlebotomus papatasi systemic transcriptional response to trypanosomatid-contaminated blood does not differ from the non-infected blood meal.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
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- Insights into the proteomic profile and gene expression of Lutzomyia longipalpis-derived Lulo cell line.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2020Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Latin America. Sandfly immune responses are poorly understood. In previous work we showed that these vector insects respond to bacterial infections by modulating a defensin gene expression and activate the Imd pathway in response to Leishmania infection. Aspects of innate immune pathways in insects (including mosquito vectors of human diseases) have been revealed by studying insect cell lines, and we have previously demonstrated antiviral responses in the L. longipalpis embryonic cell line LL5.
methodsThe expression patterns of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and transcription factors were evaluated after silencing the repressors of the Toll pathway (cactus) and Imd pathway (caspar). AMPs and transcription factor expression patterns were also evaluated after challenge with heat-killed bacteria, heat-killed yeast, or live Leishmania.
resultsThese studies showed that LL5 cells have active Toll and Imd pathways, since they displayed an increased expression of AMP genes following silencing of the repressors cactus and caspar, respectively. These pathways were also activated by challenges with bacteria, yeast and Leishmania infantum chagasi.
conclusionsWe demonstrated that L. longipalpis LL5 embryonic cells respond to immune stimuli and are therefore a good model to study the immunological pathways of this important vector of leishmaniasis.
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