Observational studyAIDS and behavior2016
Validation of a New Three-Item Self-Report Measure for Medication Adherence.
Observational study in AIDS and behavior, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 8 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 222 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PROvide MIner-friendly SErvices for Integrated TB/HIV Care in Lesotho Study (PROMISE Study)
Integrating PrEP Into Family Planning Services at Title X Clinics in the Southeastern US
Testing a Multi-Component Intervention to Improve Health Outcomes and Quality of Life Among Rural Older Adults Living With HIV
Multilevel Comprehensive HIV Prevention Package for South African Adolescent Girls and Young Women
Peer PrEP Referral + HIV Self-test Delivery for PrEP Initiation Among Young Kenyan Women: Pilot Study & Randomized Trial
Pilot RCT to Test the Integrated mHealth App Intervention (SiS-H) for Smoking Cessation for People With HIV
eSTEP: An Integrated mHealth Intervention to Engage High-risk Individuals Along the Full PrEP Care Continuum
Testing the Efficacy of Two Interventions to Improve Health Outcomes and Quality of Life Among Rural Older Adults Living With HIV
Who cites it
222 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 318 citations in OpenAlex.
- Performance of Adherence Measures for Oral, Tenofovir-Based HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of interprofessional collaboration between pharmacists and community health workers on medication adherence: a systematic review.International journal for equity in health · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of HIV-Related Stigma on Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, Engagement and Retention in HIV Care, and Transition to Adult HIV Care in Pediatric and Young Adult Populations Living With HIV: A Literature Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Discrepancies between self-reported medication in adherence and indirect measurement adherence among patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2024Pooled it
- Substance Use and Adherence to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Studies Enrolling Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- Methods to Assess Adult and Adolescent Patients' Adherence to Antimalarial Treatment: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Measurement Properties of Existing Patient-Reported Outcome Measures on Medication Adherence: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Pooled it
- Development of an Item Bank to Measure Medication Adherence: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Pooled it
- Behavioral and Structural Interventions for PrEP Adherence Among Young Female Sex Workers from Western Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2026Trial
- Acceptability, Feasibility, and Safety of the Shauriana Intervention for Young Kenyan Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men who Have Sex with Men, and Exploration of Potential Impact on Sexual Health Outcomes.AIDS and behavior · 2026Trial
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of the My Personal Health Guide Mobile Phone App on ART Adherence Among Young African American Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV in the United States.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Medication Adherence in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE).Diabetes care · 2026Trial
- A Dyad-Based Intervention to Improve Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among People with HIV who Inject Drugs in Kazakhstan: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.AIDS and behavior · 2026Trial
- Higher Acceptability of the Monthly Dapivirine Ring Versus Daily Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Sub-Saharan Africa in the REACH Trial.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Integrated PTSD and adherence treatment for people living with HIV: a feasibility pilot trial for cognitive processing therapy- lifesteps (CPT-L) at a Ryan white clinic.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Trial
- Validation of the PrEP Use Self-Efficacy (PrEP-Use) Scale Among Sexual Minority Men.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2025Trial
- The Effect of Depression on the Pathways Between an Economic Strengthening Intervention and ART Adherence in Youths with HIV: Findings from a Moderated Mediation Model of the Suubi + Adherence Cluster-Randomized Study.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025Trial
- Preliminary Impact of Group-Based Interventions on Stigma, Mental Health, and Treatment Adherence Among Adolescents Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Uganda.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Trial
- Behavioral Modeling and its Association with PrEP and ART Use in Ugandan HIV-Serodifferent Couples.AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
162 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Few self-report measures of medication adherence have been rigorously developed and validated against electronic drug monitoring (EDM). Assess the validity of the 3-item self-report scale by comparing it with a contemporaneous EDM measure. We conducted an observational study in which adherence assessments were done monthly for up to 4 months for 81 patients with HIV who were taking antiretroviral medications. We report results for both HIV antiretroviral medications, and also for other, non-HIV-related medications. Raw and calibrated self-report adherence measures, electronic drug monitoring adherence measures, and sociodemographic variables. The mean age of patients was 46 years, 37 % were female, 49 % had some education beyond high school, 22 % were Black, and 22 % were Hispanic. Cronbach's alphas for the 3-item scale for HIV and non-HIV medications were 0.83 and 0.87, respectively. The mean differences (raw/uncalibrated self-report scale minus EDM) for HIV and non-HIV medications were 7.5 and 5.2 points on a 100-point scale (p < 0.05 for both). Pearson correlation coefficients between the calibrated 3-item scale and the EDM for HIV and non-HIV medications were 0.47 and 0.59, respectively. The c-statistics for the ROC curves for the calibrated scale, using cut-offs of 0.8 and 0.9 for the EDM gold standard measure to define non-adherence, were between 0.74 and 0.76 for HIV and non-HIV medications. This 3-item adherence self-report scale showed good psychometric characteristics and good construct validity when compared with an EDM standard, for both HIV and non-HIV medications. In clinical care it can be a useful first-stage screener for non-adherence. In clinical research and quality improvement settings it can be a useful tool when more complex and expensive methods such as EDM or pharmacy claims are impractical or unavailable.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.