Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27097924›Full record

ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2016

Paternal care and litter size coevolution in mammals.

Paula Stockley, Liane Hobson

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Paternal behavior is controlled by preoptic Trpc5 neurons.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
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  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
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  9. The double-edged functions of necroptosis.Cell death & disease · 2023
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. A milk-sharing economy allows placental mammals to overcome their metabolic limits.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Is degree of sociality associated with reproductive senescence? A comparative analysis across birds and mammals.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021
    Article
  16. Article
  17. What is resilience: an affiliative neuroscience approach.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2020
    Article
  18. The evolution of matrilineal social systems in fissiped carnivores.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Paula StockleyMammalian Behaviour and Evolution Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, UK p.stockley@liv.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-1593-5848
Liane HobsonMammalian Behaviour and Evolution Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biparental care of offspring occurs in diverse mammalian genera and is particularly common among species with socially monogamous mating systems. Despite numerous well-documented examples, however, the evolutionary causes and consequences of paternal care in mammals are not well understood. Here, we investigate the evolution of paternal care in relation to offspring production. Using comparative analyses to test for evidence of evolutionary associations between male care and life-history traits, we explore if biparental care is likely to have evolved because of the importance of male care to offspring survival, or if evolutionary increases in offspring production are likely to result from the evolution of biparental care. Overall, we find no evidence that paternal care has evolved in response to benefits of supporting females to rear particularly costly large offspring or litters. Rather, our findings suggest that increases in offspring production are more likely to follow the evolution of paternal care, specifically where males contribute depreciable investment such as provisioning young. Through coevolution with litter size, we conclude that paternal care in mammals is likely to play an important role in stabilizing monogamous mating systems and could ultimately promote the evolution of complex social behaviours.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionAnimalsAnimals, NewbornFemaleFertilityLitter SizeMaleMammalsPaternal BehaviorPhylogenyPregnancySexual Behavior, Animalbiparental carelife historylitter sizemammalsmonogamypaternal care

Identifiers

PMID27097924
PMCPMC4855383

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.