ArticlePLoS pathogens2016
Early T Cell Recognition of B Cells following Epstein-Barr Virus Infection: Identifying Potential Targets for Prophylactic Vaccination.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunoinformatics prediction of potential B-cell and T-cell epitopes as effective vaccine candidates for eliciting immunogenic responses against Epstein-Barr virus.Biomedical journal · 2021Pooled it
- A tonsil organoid model reveals Epstein-Barr virus-infected germinal center B cell states during primary infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Article
- TianTan vaccinia virus-based EBV vaccines targeting both latent and lytic antigens elicits potent immunity against lethal EBV challenge in humanized mice.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- The impact of HLA polymorphism on herpesvirus infection and disease.Immunogenetics · 2023Review
- Urgency and necessity of Epstein-Barr virus prophylactic vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2022Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus Detection in the Central Nervous System of HIV-Infected Patients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- EBV-associated diseases: Current therapeutics and emerging technologies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Identifying Epstein-Barr virus peptide sequences associated with differential IgG antibody response.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Article
- The Potential for EBV Vaccines to Prevent Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Cytotoxic CD4+ T-cells specific for EBV capsid antigen BORF1 are maintained in long-term latently infected healthy donors.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Prophylactic and Therapeutic EBV Vaccines: Major Scientific Obstacles, Historical Progress, and Future Direction.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Article
- Targeted Delivery of BZLF1 to DEC205 Drives EBV-Protective Immunity in a Spontaneous Model of EBV-Driven Lymphoproliferative Disease.Vaccines · 2021Article
- Main Targets of Interest for the Development of a Prophylactic or Therapeutic Epstein-Barr Virus Vaccine.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Epstein Barr Virus: Development of Vaccines and Immune Cell Therapy for EBV-Associated Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Review
- Review
- Burkitt Lymphomas Evolve to Escape Dependencies on Epstein-Barr Virus.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- The promise of a prophylactic Epstein-Barr virus vaccine.Pediatric research · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus, a B-lymphotropic herpesvirus, is the cause of infectious mononucleosis, has strong aetiologic links with several malignancies and has been implicated in certain autoimmune diseases. Efforts to develop a prophylactic vaccine to prevent or reduce EBV-associated disease have, to date, focused on the induction of neutralising antibody responses. However, such vaccines might be further improved by inducing T cell responses capable of recognising and killing recently-infected B cells. In that context, EBNA2, EBNA-LP and BHRF1 are the first viral antigens expressed during the initial stage of B cell growth transformation, yet have been poorly characterised as CD8+ T cell targets. Here we describe CD8+ T cell responses against each of these three "first wave" proteins, identifying target epitopes and HLA restricting alleles. While EBNA-LP and BHRF1 each contained one strong CD8 epitope, epitopes within EBNA2 induced immunodominant responses through several less common HLA class I alleles (e.g. B*3801 and B*5501), as well as subdominant responses through common class I alleles (e.g. B7 and C*0304). Importantly, such EBNA2-specific CD8+ T cells recognised B cells within the first day post-infection, prior to CD8+ T cells against well-characterised latent target antigens such as EBNA3B or LMP2, and effectively inhibited outgrowth of EBV-transformed B cell lines. We infer that "first wave" antigens of the growth-transforming infection, especially EBNA2, constitute potential CD8+ T cell immunogens for inclusion in prophylactic EBV vaccine design.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.