ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2016
The replication of Bangladeshi H9N2 avian influenza viruses carrying genes from H7N3 in mammals.
Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- One-Health Challenge in H9N2 Avian Influenza: Novel Human-Avian Reassortment Virus in Guangdong Province, China.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2024Article
- Redesign and Validation of a Real-Time RT-PCR to Improve Surveillance for Avian Influenza Viruses of the H9 Subtype.Viruses · 2022Article
- Molecular Characterization and Pathogenesis of H6N6 Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated from Mallard Ducks (Viruses · 2022Article
- Coinfection of Chickens with H9N2 and H7N9 Avian Influenza Viruses Leads to Emergence of Reassortant H9N9 Virus with Increased Fitness for Poultry and a Zoonotic Potential.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Article
- A risk marker of tribasic hemagglutinin cleavage site in influenza A (H9N2) virus.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Genetically and Antigenically Divergent Influenza A(H9N2) Viruses Exhibit Differential Replication and Transmission Phenotypes in Mammalian Models.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Effect of the selection pressure of vaccine antibodies on evolution of H9N2 avian influenza virus in chickens.AMB Express · 2020Article
- Article
- Live bird markets as evolutionary epicentres of H9N2 low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in Korea.Emerging microbes & infections · 2020Article
- Bayesian phylodynamics of avian influenza A virus H9N2 in Asia with time-dependent predictors of migration.PLoS computational biology · 2019Article
- A Global Perspective on H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus.Viruses · 2019Review
- Genetic Compatibility of Reassortants between Avian H5N1 and H9N2 Influenza Viruses with Higher Pathogenicity in Mammals.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Characterization of H5N1 Influenza Virus Quasispecies with Adaptive Hemagglutinin Mutations from Single-Virus Infections of Human Airway Cells.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Identification, sequence analysis, and infectivity of H9N2 avian influenza viruses isolated from geese.Journal of veterinary science · 2018Article
- Genetic and biological characterization of H9N2 avian influenza viruses isolated in China from 2011 to 2014.PloS one · 2018Article
- Assessing evidence for avian-to-human transmission of influenza A/H9N2 virus in rural farming communities in northern Vietnam.The Journal of general virology · 2017Article
- Replication of H9 influenza viruses in the human ex vivo respiratory tract, and the influence of neuraminidase on virus release.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Immune Escape Variants of H9N2 Influenza Viruses Containing Deletions at the Hemagglutinin Receptor Binding Site Retain FitnessJournal of virology · 2017Article
- Variability in H9N2 haemagglutinin receptor-binding preference and the pH of fusion.Emerging microbes & infections · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
H9N2 avian influenza viruses are continuously monitored by the World Health Organization because they are endemic; they continually reassort with H5N1, H7N9 and H10N8 viruses; and they periodically cause human infections. We characterized H9N2 influenza viruses carrying internal genes from highly pathogenic H7N3 viruses, which were isolated from chickens or quail from live-bird markets in Bangladesh between 2010 and 2013. All of the H9N2 viruses used in this study carried mammalian host-specific mutations. We studied their replication kinetics in normal human bronchoepithelial cells and swine tracheal and lung explants, which exhibit many features of the mammalian airway epithelium and serve as a mammalian host model. All H9N2 viruses replicated to moderate-to-high titers in the normal human bronchoepithelial cells and swine lung explants, but replication was limited in the swine tracheal explants. In Balb/c mice, the H9N2 viruses were nonlethal, replicated to moderately high titers and the infection was confined to the lungs. In the ferret model of human influenza infection and transmission, H9N2 viruses possessing the Q226L substitution in hemagglutinin replicated well without clinical signs and spread via direct contact but not by aerosol. None of the H9N2 viruses tested were resistant to the neuraminidase inhibitors. Our study shows that the Bangladeshi H9N2 viruses have the potential to infect humans and highlights the importance of monitoring and characterizing this influenza subtype to better understand the potential risk these viruses pose to humans.
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