Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27094865›Full record

ArticleMolecular neurodegeneration2016

Resequencing analysis of five Mendelian genes and the top genes from genome-wide association studies in Parkinson's Disease.

Bruno A Benitez, Albert A Davis, Sheng Chih Jin, Laura Ibanez, Sara Ortega-Cubero, Pau Pastor, Jiyoon Choi, Breanna Cooper, Joel S Perlmutter, Carlos Cruchaga

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular neurodegeneration, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Rethinking 'rare'Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. ThemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
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  10. TheResearch square · 2024
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  11. Observational
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  13. Article
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  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Classification of GBA1 Variants in Parkinson's Disease: The GBA1-PD Browser.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2023
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Bruno A BenitezDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University, 8007, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. babenitez@wustl.edu.
Albert A DavisDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Sheng Chih JinDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Laura IbanezDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Sara Ortega-CuberoDepartment of Neurology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia, Palencia, Spain.
Pau PastorCenter for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) University of Navarra School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
Jiyoon ChoiDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Breanna CooperDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Joel S PerlmutterDepartment of Neurology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Carlos CruchagaDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Washington University in St. Louis · USCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red · ESHope Center for Neurological Disorders · USUniversidad de Navarra · ES

Funding

INVESTIGATIONS OF DEMENTIA IN PARKINSON DISEASER01NS075321 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CAMPBELL, MEGHAN C, PERLMUTTER, JOEL SYNES · 2011 to 2021
$8.2M
MECHANISMS OF DEEP BRAIN STIMULATIONR01NS041509 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI PERLMUTTER, JOEL SYNES · 2001 to 2015
$6.8M
VALIDATION OF NEUROIMAGING BIOMARKERS FOR NIGROSTRIATAL NEURONSR01NS058714 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI PERLMUTTER, JOEL SYNES · 2008 to 2016
$4.4M
Investigations of Dementia in Parkinson DiseaseRF1NS075321 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CAMPBELL, MEGHAN C, PERLMUTTER, JOEL SYNES · 2023 to 2023
$2.3M
Use of Endophenotypes in the Search for Alzheimer's Disease Risk GenesR01AG035083 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI GOATE, ALISON M · 2010 to 2014
$2.3M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG035083NIA NIH HHS R01-AG035083NINDS NIH HHS NS041509NINDS NIH HHS NS058714NINDS NIH HHS NS075321NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS041509NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS058714NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS075321NINDS NIH HHS RF1 NS075321
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMost sequencing studies in Parkinson's disease (PD) have focused on either a particular gene, primarily in familial and early onset PD samples, or on screening single variants in sporadic PD cases. To date, there is no systematic study that sequences the most common PD causing genes with Mendelian inheritance [α-synuclein (SNCA), leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), PARKIN, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and DJ-1 (Daisuke-Junko-1)] and susceptibility genes [glucocerebrosidase beta acid (GBA) and microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT)] identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in a European-American case-control sample (n=815).

resultsDisease-causing variants in the SNCA, LRRK2 and PARK2 genes were found in 2% of PD patients. The LRRK2, p.G2019S mutation was found in 0.6 % of sporadic PD and 4.8 % of familial PD cases. Gene-based analysis suggests that additional variants in the LRRK2 gene also contribute to PD risk. The SNCA duplication was found in 0.8 % of familial PD patients. Novel variants were found in 0.8% of PD cases and 0.6 % of controls. Heterozygous Gaucher disease-causing mutations in the GBA gene were found in 7.1 % of PD patients. Here, we established that the GBA variant (p.T408M) is associated with PD risk and age at onset. Additionally, gene-based and single-variant analyses demostrated that GBA gene variants (p.L483P, p.R83C, p.N409S, p.H294Q and p.E365K) increase PD risk.

conclusionsOur data suggest that the impact of additional untested coding variants in the GBA and LRRK2 genes is higher than previously estimated. Our data also provide compelling evidence of the existence of additional untested variants in the primary Mendelian and PD GWAS genes that contribute to the genetic etiology of sporadic PD.

Indexed as

Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge of Onsetalpha-SynucleinFemaleGenetic TestingGenome-Wide Association StudyGlucosylceramidaseHumansLeucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2MaleMiddle AgedMutationParkinson Diseasealpha-SynucleinGlucosylceramidaseLeucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2LRRK2 protein, humanProtein KinasesProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesPTEN-Induced Putative KinaseSNCA protein, humanAssociation studyDJ-1GBA rare variants, gene-based analysisLRRK2MAPTPARKINParkinson’sPINK1SNCA

Identifiers

PMID27094865
PMCPMC4837564
OpenAlexW2338776562

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.