ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2016
Ocular toxicity assessment of chronic sildenafil therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The choroid as a vascular sensor in pulmonary hypertension: an oculomic mini review.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Using the International Index of Erectile Function-15 in Comparative Analysis Between Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation of the Pudendal Nerve and Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction After COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Visual Side Effects Linked to Sildenafil Consumption: An Update.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Effects of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors on choroid and ocular vasculature: a literature review.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2020Review
- Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors and Visual Side Effects: A Narrative Review.Journal of ophthalmic & vision researchReview
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to investigate possible functional and structural ocular changes caused by chronic sildenafil therapy to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).
methodsCase-control study included patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: chronically using sildenafil and without sildenafil treatment. A comprehensive ophthalmologic exam including ectoscopy, extrinsic ocular motility, logMAR visual acuity measurement, contrast sensitivity test, color test, anterior segment biomicroscopy, Schirmer test 1, intraocular pressure, fundus exam under pupil dilation, fundus pictures, time domain and spectral domain optical coherence tomography, ocular Doppler ultrasound were performed. Full-field electroretinography (ERG) was tested for each eye in a subgroup of sildenafil-treated patients.
resultsTwenty patients from each group were tested. Bilateral severe keratitis was found in seven (35 %) patients under sildenafil therapy. Lacrimal film break-up time (BUT) was significantly reduced (p = 0.006 respectively) and Doppler ultrasound showed a reduced resistance index of the central retinal artery in the group of sildenafil users (p = 0.019). No diffuse retinal functional abnormalities were found in ERG in treated patients. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and color discrimination were normal in both groups. No abnormalities were found in both time-domain and spectral-domain OCT for retinal parameters.
conclusionsOne-third of the treated PAH group showed severe bilateral keratitis. This finding could be related to connective tissue abnormalities usually present in patients with this condition that might be exacerbated with the sildenafil usage. The resistance index of the central retinal artery was diminished in the chronic users group and it could be associated to the vasodilation caused by the medication in the choroidal vessels. An ophthalmic assessment for these patients is recommended to diagnose and treat possible ocular surface and choroidal blood flow abnormalities caused by sildenafil.
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