ArticleBehavioural brain research2016
Sex differences in attenuation of nicotine reinstatement after individual and combined treatments of progesterone and varenicline.
Article in Behavioural brain research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences in nicotine intravenous self-administration: A meta-analytic review.Physiology & behavior · 2019Pooled it
- Sex, social rank, and nicotine co-administration shape cocaine- and cocaethylene-induced reinstatement in monkeys.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- The role of glucocorticoid and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the reward-enhancing effects of nicotine in the ICSS procedure in male and female rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Methoxsalen Inhibits the Acquisition of Nicotine Self-Administration: Attenuation by Cotinine Replacement in Male Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- The role of β-Nicotyrine in E-Cigarette abuse liability I: Drug Discrimination.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Mifepristone decreases nicotine intake in dependent and non-dependent adult rats.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Natural and synthetic estrogens specifically alter nicotine demand and cue-induced nicotine seeking in female rats.Neuropharmacology · 2021Article
- Sex differences in the glutamate system: Implications for addiction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2020Review
- Neural Basis of Increased Cognitive Control of Impulsivity During the Mid-Luteal Phase Relative to the Late Follicular Phase of the Menstrual Cycle.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2020Article
- Differences in mechanisms underlying reinstatement of cigarette smoke extract- and nicotine-seeking behavior in rats.Neuropharmacology · 2020Article
- Common neurocircuitry mediating drug and fear relapse in preclinical models.Psychopharmacology · 2019Review
- Sex-specific attenuation of impulsive action by progesterone in a go/no-go task for cocaine in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2018Article
- Neuropeptide systems and new treatments for nicotine addiction.Psychopharmacology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tobacco use is the largest cause of preventable mortality in the western world. Even after treatment, relapse rates for tobacco are high, and more effective pharmacological treatments are needed. Progesterone (PRO), a female hormone used in contraceptives, reduces stimulant use but its effects on tobacco addiction are unknown. Varenicline (VAR) is a commonly used medication that reduces tobacco use. The present study examined sex differences in the individual vs. combined effects of PRO and VAR on reinstatement of nicotine-seeking behavior in a rat model of relapse. Adult female and male Wistar rats self-administered nicotine (NIC, 0.03mg/kg/infusion) for 14days followed by 21days of extinction when no cues or drug were present. Rats were then divided into 4 treatment groups: control (VEH+SAL), PRO alone (PRO+SAL), VAR alone (VEH+VAR) and the combination (PRO+VAR). Reinstatement of nicotine-seeking behavior induced by priming injections of NIC or caffeine (CAF), presentation of cues (CUES), and the combination of drugs and cues (e.g. NIC+CUES, CAF+CUES) were tested after extinction. Male and female rats did not differ in self-administration of nicotine or extinction responding, and both showed elevated levels of responding to the CAF+CUES condition. However, males, but not females, reinstated active lever-pressing to the NIC+CUES condition, and that was attenuated by both VAR and VAR+PRO treatment. Thus, males were more sensitive to NIC+CUE-induced reinstatement than females, and VAR alone and VAR combined with PRO effectively reduced nicotine relapse.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.