ArticleScientific reports2016
Reduced costs of reproduction in females mediate a shift from a male-biased to a female-biased lifespan in humans.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The evolution of monogamy is associated with reversals from male to female bias in the survival cost of parasitism.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of immune challenge on expression of life-history and immune trait expression in sexually reproducing metazoans-a meta-analysis.BMC biology · 2020Pooled it
- Enhanced Efficacy of Pomegranate Peel Extract via Double Nano-Emulsion Delivery in Laying Hens: Impact on Performance, Immunity, Antioxidant Status, andVeterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Is 'gender equality in health' the right goal? Exploring issues of definition and measurement.BMJ global health · 2025Review
- Evaluating the Effect of Sex on Mortality Risks in Medieval Ireland.American journal of biological anthropology · 2025Article
- Pregnancy is linked to faster epigenetic aging in young women.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- National Trends in Suicides and Male Twin Live Births in the US, 2003 to 2019: An Updated Test of Collective Optimism and Selection in Utero.Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies · 2023Article
- Sex bias in mortality risk changes over the lifespan of bottlenose dolphins.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Epigenetic clocks and female fertility timeline: A new approach to an old issue?Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Epigenetic Clock Deceleration and Maternal Reproductive Efforts: Associations With Increasing Gray Matter Volume of the Precuneus.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Pregnancy, preeclampsia and maternal aging: From epidemiology to functional genomics.Ageing research reviews · 2022Review
- Evaluating the beneficial effects of dietary restrictions: A framework for precision nutrigeroscience.Cell metabolism · 2021Review
- Cohort SelectionCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Article
- Death rates at specific life stages mold the sex gap in life expectancy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Male survival advantage on the Baja California peninsula.Biology letters · 2020Article
- WEIRD bodies: mismatch, medicine and missing diversity.Evolution and human behavior : official journal of the Human Behavior and Evolution Society · 2020Article
- A negative association between horn length and survival in a weakly dimorphic ungulate.Ecology and evolution · 2020Article
- Reproduction predicts shorter telomeres and epigenetic age acceleration among young adult women.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Selection bias in studies of human reproduction-longevity trade-offs.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The causes underlying sex differences in lifespan are strongly debated. While females commonly outlive males in humans, this is generally less pronounced in societies before the demographic transition to low mortality and fertility rates. Life-history theory suggests that reduced reproduction should benefit female lifespan when females pay higher costs of reproduction than males. Using unique longitudinal demographic records on 140,600 reproducing individuals from the Utah Population Database, we demonstrate a shift from male-biased to female-biased adult lifespans in individuals born before versus during the demographic transition. Only women paid a cost of reproduction in terms of shortened post-reproductive lifespan at high parities. Therefore, as fertility decreased over time, female lifespan increased, while male lifespan remained largely stable, supporting the theory that differential costs of reproduction in the two sexes result in the shifting patterns of sex differences in lifespan across human populations. Further, our results have important implications for demographic forecasts in human populations and advance our understanding of lifespan evolution.
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Registered trials
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