ReviewCurrent medicinal chemistry2016
Structure and Expression of Different Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Variants and their Concentration-Dependent Functions During Host Insults.
Review in Current medicinal chemistry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 133 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
133 citing papers in PubMed, 248 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Relationship between Serum Amyloid A Level and Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Vascular Dementia: Preliminary Findings.BioMed research international · 2021Trial
- Long-Term Human Skin Platform for Modeling Chronic Inflammation, Environmental Stress, and Therapeutic Intervention.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- FPR2 deficiency alleviates LPS-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice by suppressing the microglial CSF1/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Amyloid β Instigates Cardiac Neurotrophic Signaling Impairment, Driving Alzheimer's Associated Heart Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Serum Amyloid A-Dependent Inflammasome Activation and Acute Injury in a Mouse Model of Experimental Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The gut-liver axis modulates intestinal immune homeostasis.Mucosal immunology · 2026Review
- Prediction of influenza virus infection based on deep learning and peripheral blood proteomics: A diagnostic study.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Role of serum amyloid A in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and related respiratory diseases.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Serum amyloid A: multifaceted roles in inflammation and cellular interactions.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Single cell RNA sequencing reveals shifts in cell maturity and function of endogenous and infiltrating cell types in response to acute intervertebral disc injury.Experimental cell research · 2025Article
- The regulatory role of CDK4/6 inhibitors in tumor immunity and the potential value of tumor immunotherapy (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- A Rare Case of Cerebral Amyloidoma Mimicking Thalamic Glioma in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Article
- ALX/FPR2 Contributes to Serum Amyloid A-Induced Lung Neutrophil Recruitment Following Acute Ozone Exposure.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Serum Amyloid A: A Double-Edged Sword in Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Serum Amyloid A Binding to Glycosaminoglycans is Synergistic with Amyloid Formation: Therapeutic Targeting in the Inflammation-linked Amyloidosis.Journal of molecular biology · 2025Article
- Podoplanin-positive cell-derived small extracellular vesicles contribute to cardiac amyloidosis after myocardial infarction.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Functional Interactions Between Recombinant Serum Amyloid A1 (SAA1) and Chemokines in Leukocyte Recruitment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cooperation of TRADD- and RIPK1-dependent cell death pathways in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Integrated Clinomics and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approaches Reveal the SAA1.1 Allele as a Biomarker in Alkaptonuria Disease Severity.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- SAA3 deficiency exacerbates intestinal fibrosis in DSS-induced IBD mouse model.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is, like C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase protein and can be used as a diagnostic, prognostic or therapy follow-up marker for many diseases. Increases in serum levels of SAA are triggered by physical insults to the host, including infection, trauma, inflammatory reactions and cancer. The order of magnitude of increase in SAA levels varies considerably, from a 10- to 100- fold during limited inflammatory events to a 1000-fold increase during severe bacterial infections and acute exacerbations of chronic inflammatory diseases. This broad response range is reflected by SAA gene duplications resulting in a cluster encoding several SAA variants and by multiple biological functions of SAA. SAA variants are single-domain proteins with simple structures and few post-translational modifications. SAA1 and SAA2 are inducible by inflammatory cytokines, whereas SAA4 is constitutively produced. We review here the regulated expression of SAA in normal and transformed cells and compare its serum levels in various disease states. At low concentrations (10-100 ng/ml), early in an inflammatory response, SAA induces chemokines or matrix degrading enzymes via Toll-like receptors and functions as an activator and chemoattractant through a G protein-coupled receptor. When an infectious or inflammatory stimulus persists, the liver continues to produce more SAA (≥ 1000 ng/ml) to become an antimicrobial agent by functioning as a direct opsonin of bacteria or by interference with virus infection of host cells. Thus, SAA regulates innate and adaptive immunity and this information may help to design better drugs to treat specific diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.