Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27084284›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2016

What are parents' perspectives on psychological empowerment in the MMR vaccination decision? A focus group study.

Marta Fadda, Elisa Galimberti, Valter Carraro, Peter J Schulz

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In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Marta FaddaFaculty of Communication Sciences, Institute of Communication and Health, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
Elisa GalimbertiFaculty of Communication Sciences, Institute of Communication and Health, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
Valter CarraroDepartment of Hygiene and Public Health, Azienda Autonoma Sanitaria della Provincia di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Peter J SchulzFaculty of Communication Sciences, Institute of Communication and Health, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesMost developed countries do not have compulsory immunisation requirements, but instead issue recommendations. Although parents are expected to make an informed, autonomous (ie, empowered) decision regarding their children's vaccinations, there is no evidence about how parents' interpret this demand nor on the latitude of their decision-making. The goal of this study is to gain insights from parents residing in a low measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) uptake area on what constitutes feelings of empowerment in the decision they have to make on their child's MMR vaccination.

designA qualitative study employing focus group interviews.

setting11 vaccination centres and hospitals in the Province of Trento, Italy.

participants24 mothers and 4 fathers of children for whom the MMR vaccination decision was still pending participated in 6 focus groups.

resultsAutonomy and competence were salient themes in relation to empowerment, and were further connected with beliefs regarding legal responsibility and ethics of freedom concerning the decision, parents' relationship with the paediatrician (trust), feelings of relevance of the decision and related stress, and seeking, avoidance, or fear of vaccination-related information. Competence was interpreted as medical knowledge and information-seeking skills, but it was also related to the extent parents perceived the paediatrician to be competent.

conclusionsSince parents' interpretation of empowerment goes beyond mere perceptions of being informed and autonomous and differs across individuals, it is important that this construct be correctly interpreted and implemented by best practice, for instance by explicitly adopting a relational conception of autonomy. Knowing whether parents want to make an empowered decision and what their information and autonomy needs are might help health professionals adapt their communication about immunisation, and promote parental perception of making an informed, autonomous decision.

Indexed as

Decision MakingPatient ParticipationPersonal AutonomyPower, PsychologicalVaccinationAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleFocus GroupsHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansInfantMaleMiddle AgedParentsEmpowermentItalyMMR vaccinationVaccination decision

Identifiers

PMID27084284
PMCPMC4838687

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.