Trial reportJournal of diabetes science and technology2016
Design and Methods of a Randomized Trial of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes With Impaired Glycemic Control Treated With Multiple Daily Insulin Injections (GOLD Study).
Trial report in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment Satisfaction and Well-Being With Continuous Glucose Monitoring in People With Type 1 Diabetes: An Analysis Based on the GOLD Randomized Trial.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Trial
- Discordance between mean glucose and time in range in relation to HbADiabetologia · 2024Trial
- The majority of people with type 1 diabetes and multiple daily insulin injections benefit from using continuous glucose monitoring: An analysis based on the GOLD randomized trial (GOLD-5).Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Trial
- The Association Between HbADiabetes care · 2020Trial
- A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Effect of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Nocturnal Hypoglycemia, Daytime Hypoglycemia, Glycemic Variability, and Hypoglycemia Confidence in Persons with Type 1 Diabetes Treated with Multiple Daily Insulin Injections (GOLD-3).Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2018Trial
- Exploring the gap between sensor-detected (SDH) and person-reported hypoglycaemia (PRH): The voice of people living with diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Article
- User evaluation of the Hypo-METRICS app: A tool for real-time symptom reporting of hypoglycaemia.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Article
- Impact of continuous glucose monitoring on glycaemic risk index in adults with type 1 diabetes using multiple daily insulin injections in the GOLD trial.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Article
- Flash glucose monitoring system help reduce the frequency of hypoglycemia and hypoglycemic fear behavior in type 1 diabetes patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Continuous glucose monitoring and glycemic control among youth with type 1 diabetes: International comparison from the T1D Exchange and DPV Initiative.Pediatric diabetes · 2018Article
- Review
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A Review of Recent Studies Demonstrating Improved Glycemic Outcomes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe majority of individuals with type 1 diabetes today have glucose levels exceeding guidelines. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), using the Dexcom G4 stand-alone system, improves glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI).
methodsIndividuals with type 1 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.5% = 58 mmol/mol) treated with MDI were randomized in a cross-over design to the Dexcom G4 versus conventional care for 6 months followed by a 4-month wash-out period. Masked CGM was performed before randomization, during conventional treatment, and during the wash-out period to evaluate effects on hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and glycemic variability. Questionnaires were used to evaluate diabetes treatment satisfaction, fear of hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia confidence, diabetes-related distress, overall well-being, and physical activity during the different phases of the trial. The primary endpoint was the difference in HbA1c at the end of each treatment phase.
resultsA total of 205 patients were screened, of whom 161 were randomized between February and December 2014. Study completion is anticipated in April 2016.
conclusionsIt is expected that the results of this study will establish whether using the Dexcom G4 stand-alone system in individuals with type 1 diabetes treated with MDI improves glycemic control, reduces hypoglycemia, and influences quality-of-life indicators and glycemic variability.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.