Trial reportEndocrine-related cancer2016
A phase II study of axitinib in advanced neuroendocrine tumors.
Trial report in Endocrine-related cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Axitinib and Long-Acting Octreotide in Advanced Extrapancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Clinical Trial (AXINET, GETNE 1107).Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026Trial
- Alternate Endpoints for Phase II Trials in Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumors.The oncologist · 2019Trial
- Ramucirumab-containing chemotherapy for patients with gastrointestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma refractory/intolerant to platinum-based chemotherapy: A multicenter observational retrospective study (WJOG13420G).International journal of cancer · 2025Observational
- The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Impact of multikinase inhibitors in reshaping the treatment of advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.Endocrine-related cancer · 2025Review
- Treatment strategies for advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms: current status and future prospects.Cancer biology & medicine · 2025Article
- Nanomedicine mediated thyroid cancer diagnosis and treatment: an approach from generalized to personalized medicine.Discover oncology · 2024Review
- Solvates and Polymorphs of Axitinib: Characterization and Phase Transformation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms: a systematic literature review.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Article
- Exploring the multifaceted antitumor activity of axitinib in lung carcinoids.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Cabozantinib in neuroendocrine tumors: tackling drug activity and resistance mechanisms.Endocrine-related cancer · 2023Article
- Article
- Systemic Therapy of Advanced Well-differentiated Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors Progressive on Somatostatin Analogues.Current treatment options in oncology · 2022Review
- Advances in medical treatment for pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Review
- Angiogenesis in NENs, with a focus on gastroenteropancreatic NENs: from biology to current and future therapeutic implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Current and emerging anti-angiogenic therapies in gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Review
- Review
- Drug Development in Neuroendocrine Tumors: What Is on the Horizon?Current treatment options in oncology · 2021Review
- Molecular Pathology of Well-Differentiated Gastro-entero-pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.Endocrine pathology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are highly vascular neoplasms overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as VEGF receptors (VEGFR). Axitinib is a potent, selective inhibitor of VEGFR-1, -2 and -3, currently approved for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. We performed an open-label, two-stage design, phase II trial of axitinib 5mg twice daily in patients with progressive unresectable/metastatic low-to-intermediate grade carcinoid tumors. The primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and 12-month PFS rate. The secondary end points included time to treatment failure (TTF), overall survival (OS), overall radiographic response rate (ORR), biochemical response rate and safety. A total of 30 patients were enrolled and assessable for toxicity; 22 patients were assessable for response. After a median follow-up of 29months, we observed a median PFS of 26.7months (95% CI, 11.4-35.1), with a 12-month PFS rate of 74.5% (±10.2). The median OS was 45.3 months (95% CI, 24.4-45.3), and the median TTF was 9.6months (95% CI, 5.5-12). The best radiographic response was partial response (PR) in 1/30 (3%) and stable disease (SD) in 21/30 patients (70%); 8/30 patients (27%) were unevaluable due to early withdrawal due to toxicity. Hypertension was the most common toxicity that developed in 27 patients (90%). Grade 3/4 hypertension was recorded in 19 patients (63%), leading to treatment discontinuation in six patients (20%). Although axitinib appears to have an inhibitory effect on tumor growth in patients with advanced, progressive carcinoid tumors, the high rate of grade 3/4 hypertension may represent a potential impediment to its use in unselected patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.