Trial reportThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2016
Inter-arm blood pressure difference and mortality: a cohort study in an asymptomatic primary care population at elevated cardiovascular risk.
Trial report in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of systolic inter-arm differences in blood pressure for different primary care populations: systematic review and meta-analysis.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2016Pooled it
- How useful is a casual BP measurement?Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Measuring blood pressure accurately.Australian prescriber · 2026Review
- Combination of treatment intensity score and interankle diastolic blood pressure is associated with cardiovascular prognosis among adults with controlled hypertension who have pre-existing cardiovascular disease.Blood pressure monitoring · 2026Article
- Higher systolic blood pressure difference in left not right upper limb is associated with all-cause mortality risk in a community-based population.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Effect of age and systemic inflammation on the association between severity of periodontitis and blood pressure in periodontitis patients.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Large inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults: a cross-sectional study in rural southwest China.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Prevalence of interarm blood pressure difference is notably higher in women; the Viborg population-based screening program (VISP).BMC public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with inter-arm systolic and diastolic blood pressure differences: results from the baseline Fasa Adult's Cohort Study (FACS).BMC public health · 2024Article
- Hypertension management in primary health care: a survey in eight regions of Sweden.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2023Article
- Inter-arm blood pressure difference as a tool for predicting coronary artery disease severity.Open heart · 2022Article
- Arterial stiffness and contralateral differences in blood pressure: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Article
- Combined effect of inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference and carotid artery plaque on cardiovascular diseases and mortality: A prospective cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Assessment of blood pressure skills and belief in clinical readings.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2021Article
- Associations Between Systolic Interarm Differences in Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes and Mortality: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis, Development and Validation of a Prognostic Algorithm: The INTERPRESS-IPD Collaboration.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Article
- Lack of Association between Interarm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference and Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Elective Coronary Angiography.International journal of hypertension · 2021Article
- Inter-Arm Blood Pressure Difference in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Preferential Association with Peripheral Artery Disease.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2020Article
- Inter-arm difference in blood pressure in patients referred to tertiary hypertension center: Prevalence, risk factors, and relevance to physicians.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2020Article
- Systolic inter-arm blood pressure difference and risk of cognitive decline in older people: a cohort study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2020Article
- Association of 4-limb systolic blood pressure heterogeneity with peripheral artery disease and left ventricular mass index.Medicine · 2020Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDifferences in blood pressure between arms are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in cohorts with established vascular disease or substantially elevated cardiovascular risk.
aimTo explore the association of inter-arm difference (IAD) with mortality in a community-dwelling cohort that is free of cardiovascular disease. DESIGN AND
settingCohort analysis of a randomised controlled trial in central Scotland, from April 1998 to October 2008.
methodVolunteers from Lanarkshire, Glasgow, and Edinburgh, free of pre-existing vascular disease and with an ankle-brachial index ≤0.95, had systolic blood pressure measured in both arms at recruitment. Inter-arm blood pressure differences were calculated and examined for cross-sectional associations and differences in prospective survival. Outcome measures were cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality during mean follow-up of 8.2 years.
resultsBased on a single pair of measurements, 60% of 3350 participants had a systolic IAD ≥5 mmHg and 38% ≥10 mmHg. An IAD ≥5 mmHg was associated with increased cardiovascular mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19 to 3.07) and all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 1.44, 95% CI = 1.15 to 1.79). Within the subgroup of 764 participants who had hypertension, IADs of ≥5 mmHg or ≥10 mmHg were associated with both cardiovascular mortality (adjusted HR 2.63, 95% CI = 0.97 to 7.02, and adjusted HR 2.96, 95% CI = 1.27 to 6.88, respectively) and all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 1.67, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.66, and adjusted HR 1.63, 95% CI = 1.06 to 2.50, respectively). IADs ≥15 mmHg were not associated with survival differences in this population.
conclusionSystolic IADs in blood pressure are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, including mortality, in a large cohort of people free of pre-existing vascular disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.